Agarwala Prachi, Pandey Satyaprakash, Maiti Souvik
Proteomics and Structural Biology Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, Mall Road, Delhi 110007, India.
Org Biomol Chem. 2015 May 28;13(20):5570-85. doi: 10.1039/c4ob02681k.
G-quadruplexes are non-canonical secondary structures found in guanine rich regions of DNA and RNA. Reports have indicated the wide occurrence of RNA G-quadruplexes across the transcriptome in various regions of mRNAs and non-coding RNAs. RNA G-quadruplexes have been implicated in playing an important role in translational regulation, mRNA processing events and maintenance of chromosomal end integrity. In this review, we summarize the structural and functional aspects of RNA G-quadruplexes with emphasis on recent progress to understand the protein/trans factors binding these motifs. With the revelation of the importance of these secondary structures as regulatory modules in biology, we have also evaluated the various advancements towards targeting these structures and the challenges associated with them. Apart from this, numerous potential applications of this secondary motif have also been discussed.
G-四链体是在DNA和RNA富含鸟嘌呤的区域中发现的非典型二级结构。报告表明，RNA G-四链体广泛存在于各种mRNA和非编码RNA区域的转录组中。RNA G-四链体在翻译调控、mRNA加工事件以及染色体末端完整性的维持中发挥着重要作用。在本综述中，我们总结了RNA G-四链体的结构和功能方面，重点介绍了在理解与这些基序结合的蛋白质/反式因子方面的最新进展。随着这些二级结构作为生物学调控模块的重要性被揭示，我们还评估了针对这些结构的各种进展以及与之相关的挑战。除此之外，还讨论了这种二级基序的众多潜在应用。
