人类端粒中的 G-四链体：结构、性质与应用。
G-Quadruplexes in Human Telomere: Structures, Properties, and Applications.
机构信息
Division of Chemistry, Department of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, 5200 Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan.
Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology (RCAST), The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
出版信息
Molecules. 2023 Dec 27;29(1):174. doi: 10.3390/molecules29010174.
G-quadruplexes, intricate four-stranded structures composed of G-tetrads formed by four guanine bases, are prevalent in both DNA and RNA. Notably, these structures play pivotal roles in human telomeres, contributing to essential cellular functions. Additionally, the existence of DNA:RNA hybrid G-quadruplexes adds a layer of complexity to their structural diversity. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in unraveling the intricacies of DNA and RNA G-quadruplexes within human telomeres. Detailed insights into their structural features are presented, encompassing the latest developments in chemical approaches designed to probe these G-quadruplex structures. Furthermore, this review explores the applications of G-quadruplex structures in targeting human telomeres. Finally, the manuscript outlines the imminent challenges in this evolving field, setting the stage for future investigations.
G-四链体是由四个鸟嘌呤碱基形成的四联体组成的复杂的四重链结构，存在于 DNA 和 RNA 中。值得注意的是，这些结构在人类端粒中起着关键作用，对细胞的基本功能有贡献。此外，DNA:RNA 杂交 G-四链体的存在增加了它们结构多样性的复杂性。这篇综述提供了对人类端粒中 DNA 和 RNA G-四链体复杂性的最新研究进展的全面概述。本文详细介绍了它们的结构特征，包括最新的化学方法进展，旨在探测这些 G-四链体结构。此外，本文还探讨了 G-四链体结构在靶向人类端粒中的应用。最后，本文概述了这个不断发展的领域中即将面临的挑战，为未来的研究奠定了基础。
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