Liang Haydn C-Y, Zúñiga-Pflücker Juan Carlos
Department of Immunology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
Sunnybrook Research Institute, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON, M4N 3M5, Canada.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2015 Apr 11;6(1):52. doi: 10.1186/s13287-015-0051-z.
The study of hematopoiesis has been a focus for developmental biologists for over 100 years. What started as a series of microscopic observations in different animal model systems has since evolved into studies of gene expression and regulation, and subsequent protein-protein interactions, cell surface protein expression profiling, and functional mapping of cell fates. In this review, we will discuss the milestone discoveries that have been achieved in the field of hematopoietic development, as well as the techniques that have been employed. Finally, we look toward the future and consider unresolved questions. We also reflect on one of the earliest realizations made in this area of study: that hematopoiesis is evolutionarily conserved, and as a consequence we reflect on the impacts of early and current discoveries and their clinical implications. The future direction of the study of hematopoietic stem cells will probably make use of pluripotent stem cells to yield specific immune cell lineages and eventual clinical applications.
100多年来，造血作用的研究一直是发育生物学家关注的焦点。最初是在不同动物模型系统中进行的一系列微观观察，后来发展到对基因表达与调控的研究，以及随后的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用、细胞表面蛋白表达谱分析和细胞命运功能图谱研究。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论造血发育领域取得的里程碑式发现以及所采用的技术。最后，我们展望未来并思考尚未解决的问题。我们还回顾了该研究领域最早的一个认识：造血作用在进化上是保守的，因此我们思考早期和当前发现的影响及其临床意义。造血干细胞研究的未来方向可能会利用多能干细胞来产生特定的免疫细胞谱系并最终应用于临床。
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