1] Cognitive Brain Mapping Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan. [2] State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning and IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China.
1] Cognitive Brain Mapping Laboratory, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan. [2] Support Unit for Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
Nat Neurosci. 2015 May;18(5):752-9. doi: 10.1038/nn.3999. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
Humans, and animals, often encounter ambiguous situations that require a decision on whether to take an offense or a defense strategy. Behavioral studies suggest that a strategy decision is frequently made before concrete options are evaluated. It remains enigmatic, however, how a strategy is determined without exploration of options. Here we investigated neural correlates of quick offense-versus-defense strategy decision in a board game, shogi. We found that the rostral anterior cingulate cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex complementally encoded the defense and attack strategy values, respectively. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex compared the two strategy values. Several brain regions were activated during decision of concrete moves under an instructed strategy, whereas none of them showed correlation with defense or attack strategy values in their activities during strategy decision. These findings suggest that values of alternative strategies represented in different parts of the cingulate cortex have essential roles in intuitive strategy decision-making.
人类和动物经常会遇到需要决定采取进攻还是防御策略的模棱两可的情况。行为研究表明，策略决策通常是在评估具体选项之前做出的。然而，在不探索选项的情况下，策略是如何确定的仍然是一个谜。在这里，我们在一个棋盘游戏将棋中研究了快速进攻-防御策略决策的神经相关性。我们发现，额前扣带皮质和后扣带皮质分别互补地编码了防御和攻击策略值。背外侧前额叶皮质比较了这两种策略值。在指令策略下做出具体动作的决策过程中，有几个脑区被激活，而在策略决策过程中，它们的活动与防御或攻击策略值没有相关性。这些发现表明，扣带皮质不同部位所代表的替代策略值在直觉策略决策中起着重要作用。
