Luo Siwei, Zeng Liang, Fan Liang-Shih
William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210; email:
Annu Rev Chem Biomol Eng. 2015;6:53-75. doi: 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060713-040334. Epub 2016 Apr 16.
Chemical looping processes are characterized as promising carbonaceous fuel conversion technologies with the advantages of manageable CO2 capture and high energy conversion efficiency. Depending on the chemical looping reaction products generated, chemical looping technologies generally can be grouped into two types: chemical looping full oxidation (CLFO) and chemical looping partial oxidation (CLPO). In CLFO, carbonaceous fuels are fully oxidized to CO2 and H2O, as typically represented by chemical looping combustion with electricity as the primary product. In CLPO, however, carbonaceous fuels are partially oxidized, as typically represented by chemical looping gasification with syngas or hydrogen as the primary product. Both CLFO and CLPO share similar operational features; however, the optimum process configurations and the specific oxygen carriers used between them can vary significantly. Progress in both CLFO and CLPO is reviewed and analyzed with specific focus on oxygen carrier developments that characterize these technologies.
化学链过程被认为是很有前景的含碳燃料转化技术，具有易于管理二氧化碳捕集和高能量转化效率的优点。根据产生的化学链反应产物，化学链技术通常可分为两类：化学链完全氧化（CLFO）和化学链部分氧化（CLPO）。在CLFO中，含碳燃料被完全氧化为二氧化碳和水，以电力作为主要产物的化学链燃烧为典型代表。然而，在CLPO中，含碳燃料被部分氧化，以合成气或氢气作为主要产物的化学链气化是典型代表。CLFO和CLPO都具有相似的操作特性；然而，它们之间的最佳工艺配置和使用的特定氧载体可能有很大差异。本文对CLFO和CLPO的进展进行了综述和分析，特别关注表征这些技术的氧载体的发展。
