Li Yan-li, Li Yan-fen, Xu Zong-xue
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2015 Jan;36(1):94-106.
In May-June 2012, macroinvertebrates were investigated at 66 sampling sites in the Huntai River basin in Northeast of China. A total of 72 macrobenthos species were collected, of which, 51 species (70.83%) were aquatic insects, 10 species (13.89%) were mollusks, 7 species (9.72%) were annelids, and 4 species (5.56%) were arthropods. First, 13 candidate metrics (EPT taxa, Dominant taxon%, Ephemeroptera%, Trichoptera%, mollusks%, Heptageniidae/Ephemeroptera; Hydropsychidae/ Trichoptera, Oligochaeta%, intolerant taxon% , tolerant taxon%, Collector%, Clingers%, Shannon-wiener index.) which belonged to six types were chosen to represent macroinvertebrate community structure by correlation analysis. Then, relationships between anthropogenic and physiography pressures and macroinvertebrate community structure variables were measured using redundancy analysis. Then, this study compared the relative influences of anthropogenic and physiographic pressures on macroinvertebrate community structure and the relative influences of anthropogenic pressures at reach, riparian and catchment scales by pRDA. The results showed all environmental factors explained 72.23% of the variation of macroinvertebrate community structure. In addition, a large proportion of the explained variability in macroinvertebrate community structure was related to anthropogenic pressures (48.9%) and to physiographic variables (11.8%), anthropogenic pressures at reach scale influenced most significantly macroinvertebrate community structure which explained 35.3% of the variation of macroinvertebrate community structure. pH, habitat, TN, CODMn, hardness, conductivity, total dissolved particle and ammonia influenced respectively explained 4%, 3.6%, 1.8%, 1.7%, 1.7%, 0.9%, 0.9% and 0.9% of the variation of macroinvertebrate community structure. The land use at riparian and catchment scale respectively explained 10% and 7% of the variation of macroinvertebrate community structure. Finally, the relationships of land use at catchment and riparian scales and water quality factors, hydrological indicators, habitat, substrate types were analyzed. This study supports the idea that human pressures effects on river macroinvertebrate communities are linked at spatial scales and must be considered jointly.
2012年5月至6月，对中国东北浑太河流域的66个采样点的大型无脊椎动物进行了调查。共采集到72种大型底栖动物，其中水生昆虫51种（70.83%），软体动物10种（13.89%），环节动物7种（9.72%），节肢动物4种（5.56%）。首先，通过相关性分析选择了属于六种类型的13个候选指标（EPT分类单元、优势分类单元百分比、蜉蝣目百分比、毛翅目百分比、软体动物百分比、短脉纹石蛾科/蜉蝣目；纹石蛾科/毛翅目、寡毛纲百分比、不耐受分类单元百分比、耐受分类单元百分比、收集者、附着者、香农-维纳指数）来代表大型无脊椎动物群落结构。然后，使用冗余分析测量人为压力和地貌压力与大型无脊椎动物群落结构变量之间的关系。然后，本研究通过偏冗余分析比较了人为压力和地貌压力对大型无脊椎动物群落结构的相对影响，以及人为压力在河段、河岸和集水区尺度上的相对影响。结果表明，所有环境因素解释了大型无脊椎动物群落结构变异的72.23%。此外，大型无脊椎动物群落结构中很大一部分可解释的变异与人为压力（48.9%）和地貌变量（11.8%）有关，河段尺度上的人为压力对大型无脊椎动物群落结构的影响最为显著，解释了大型无脊椎动物群落结构变异的35.3%。pH值、栖息地、总氮、化学需氧量、硬度、电导率、总溶解颗粒物和氨分别解释了大型无脊椎动物群落结构变异的4%、3.6%、1.8%、1.7%、1.7%、0.9%、0.9%和0.9%。河岸和集水区尺度上的土地利用分别解释了大型无脊椎动物群落结构变异的10%和7%。最后，分析了集水区和河岸尺度上的土地利用与水质因子、水文指标、栖息地、基质类型之间的关系。本研究支持这样一种观点，即人类压力对河流大型无脊椎动物群落的影响在空间尺度上是相互关联的，必须共同考虑。
