Chen Gui-Kui, Li Xiao-Bing, He Hong-Zhi, Li Hua-Shou, Zhang Ze-Min
Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in the Tropics, South China Agricultural University, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou, China.
State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2015 Aug;34(8):1926-33. doi: 10.1002/etc.3028. Epub 2015 Jun 24.
A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate perchlorate (ClO4 (-) ) phytotoxicity in different rice varieties. Considerable variations were observed when 24 rice varieties were treated with ClO4 (-) . The shoot height, root length, and biomass of most varieties were significantly reduced by ClO4 (-) . The roots were more sensitive than the shoots. Hierarchical clustering analysis demonstrated primarily 4 groups: ClO4 (-) -sensitive, medium ClO4 (-) -sensitive, medium ClO4 (-) tolerant, and ClO4 (-) -tolerant. Gannuoxiang (a ClO4 (-) -tolerant variety) and IR65598-112-2 (a ClO4 (-) -sensitive variety) were chosen to explore their antioxidant response when exposed to 0.2 mmol/L, 2.0 mmol/L, and 4.0 mmol/L ClO4 (-) . The results showed that the activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase increased in the shoots and roots of gannuoxiang with increasing doses of ClO4 (-) , but both of them decreased at higher concentrations of ClO4 (-) in IR65598-112-2. The addition of ClO4 (-) led to a significant increase in peroxidase activities for both of the varieties, whereas the increase was more pronounced in gannuoxiang than in IR65598-112-2. No significant difference was found in malondialdehyde (MDA) contents in gannuoxiang, whereas the addition of ClO4 (-) increased the MDA level significantly in IR65598-112-2. The results indicated that gannuoxiang has higher activities of antioxidant enzymes than IR65598-112-2 to cope with oxidative damage caused by ClO4 (-) stress, which may be the main cause of its high tolerance.
进行了一项水培实验，以研究不同水稻品种对高氯酸盐（ClO4 (-) ）的植物毒性。用ClO4 (-) 处理24个水稻品种时，观察到了相当大的差异。大多数品种的地上部高度、根长和生物量都因ClO4 (-) 而显著降低。根部比地上部更敏感。层次聚类分析主要显示出4组：对ClO4 (-) 敏感、中等ClO4 (-) 敏感、中等ClO4 (-) 耐受和ClO4 (-) 耐受。选择赣糯香（一个对ClO4 (-) 耐受的品种）和IR65598-112-2（一个对ClO4 (-) 敏感的品种），以探究它们在暴露于0.2 mmol/L、2.0 mmol/L和4.0 mmol/L ClO4 (-) 时的抗氧化反应。结果表明，随着ClO4 (-) 剂量的增加，赣糯香地上部和根部的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性增加，但在IR65598-112-2中，当ClO4 (-) 浓度较高时，这两种酶的活性均下降。添加ClO4 (-) 导致两个品种的过氧化物酶活性显著增加，而赣糯香的增加比IR65598-112-2更明显。赣糯香中丙二醛（MDA）含量没有显著差异，而添加ClO4 (-) 使IR65598-112-2中的MDA水平显著增加。结果表明，赣糯香具有比IR65598-112-2更高的抗氧化酶活性，以应对ClO4 (-) 胁迫引起的氧化损伤，这可能是其高耐受性（的）主要原因。
