Barnhorst Amy
UC Davis, Department of Psychiatry, 2230 Stockton Blvd., Sacramento, CA, 95817, U.S.A.
Behav Sci Law. 2015 Jun;33(2-3):246-56. doi: 10.1002/bsl.2177. Epub 2015 Apr 21.
California provides numerous pathways by which people with mental illness can qualify for a state-level firearm prohibition. The state's involuntary detention for psychiatric treatment, or "5150" (CA W&I Code 5150) process, is often cited as one potential mechanism for reducing violence by dangerous people, though its use is limited to people whose dangerousness is due to a mental illness. Additionally, California has taken legislative steps to prohibit firearm ownership among other people who have an increased risk of violence, regardless of whether or not mental illness is a factor. This article compares the California firearm ownership disqualification system for mental illness with the federal system and those of other states, examines the strengths and weaknesses of this system, and reviews alternatives.
加利福尼亚州提供了多种途径，通过这些途径，患有精神疾病的人可能符合州一级枪支禁令的条件。该州因精神疾病接受非自愿住院治疗，即“5150”（《加利福尼亚州福利与机构法典》第5150条）程序，常被视为减少危险人群暴力行为的一种潜在机制，不过其适用对象仅限于因精神疾病而具有危险性的人。此外，加利福尼亚州已采取立法措施，禁止其他暴力风险增加的人拥有枪支，无论精神疾病是否是一个因素。本文将加利福尼亚州针对精神疾病的枪支拥有资格取消系统与联邦系统以及其他州的系统进行比较，审视该系统的优缺点，并探讨替代方案。
