Andalusian Centre of Marine Science and Technology (CACYTMAR), University of Cádiz, Polygon Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain; Physical Chemistry Department, University of Cádiz, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus of International Excellence of the Sea (CEIMAR), 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Emerging Methods Section, Aquatic Contaminants Research Division, Environment Canada, 105 McGill Street, 7th floor, Montreal, QC, Canada H2Y 2E7.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf. 2015 Aug;118:27-36. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.04.010. Epub 2015 Apr 17.
There is a lack of studies about the ecotoxicology of pharmaceutical products on marine environment. To predict possible adverse effects of pharmaceutical products on benthic biota, polychaetes Hediste diversicolor were exposed for 14-days to pharmaceutical-spiked sediments under laboratory conditions. Carbamazepine (CBZ), ibuprofen (IBP) and propranolol (PRO) at concentrations of 500ngg(-1), 50ngg(-1), 5ngg(-1), 0.5ngg(-1) and 0.05ngg(-1), fluoxetine (FX) and 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) at concentrations of 100ngg(-1), 10ngg(-1), 1ngg(-1), 0.1ngg(-1) and 0.01ngg(-1), including environmental concentrations (underlined), were spiked in marine sediment samples. After the exposure, cellular energy status (total lipids content - TLP; and mitochondrial electron transport activity - MET), metabolism of monoamines (monoamine oxidase activity - MAO) and inflammation properties (cyclooxygenase activity - COX) were observed in polychaetes. CBZ increased TLP content and MET activity, and decreased MAO activity in polychaetes. IBP did not interfere on the TLP level, but on the MET and MAO activities (environmental concentrations). FX did not cause changes in the energy status. Therefore, environmental concentration diminished MAO activity. EE2 did not affect the energy status, however, MAO activity was significantly lower in polychaetes exposed to environmental concentration. PRO increased TLP level in polychaetes, but not MET activity. MAO activity was significantly lower for polychaetes exposed to environmental concentration. Except FX, all pharmaceuticals showed anti-inflammatory properties confirmed by the decrease of COX activity. Pharmaceutical products affected H. diversicolor physiology and health. As a benthic top predator, adverse effects on sea-worms can potentially culminate in ecosystem perturbations.
关于药物产品对海洋环境的生态毒理学研究还很少。为了预测药物产品对底栖生物可能产生的不利影响，实验室条件下用加药沉积物对多毛纲环节动物 H. diversicolor 进行了为期 14 天的暴露实验。用 500ngg(-1)的卡马西平 (CBZ)、50ngg(-1)的布洛芬 (IBP)、5ngg(-1)的普萘洛尔 (PRO)、0.5ngg(-1)和 0.05ngg(-1)的氟西汀 (FX)和 17α-乙炔基雌二醇 (EE2)，以及环境浓度（下划线），对海洋沉积物样本进行加药。暴露后，观察多毛纲环节动物的细胞能量状态（总脂含量-TLP；线粒体电子传递活性-MET）、单胺代谢（单胺氧化酶活性-MAO）和炎症特性（环氧化酶活性-COX）。CBZ 增加了 TLP 含量和 MET 活性，降低了 MAO 活性。IBP 没有干扰 TLP 水平，但干扰了 MET 和 MAO 活性（环境浓度）。FX 没有改变能量状态。因此，环境浓度降低了 MAO 活性。EE2 没有影响能量状态，但暴露于环境浓度下的 MAO 活性明显降低。PRO 增加了多毛纲环节动物的 TLP 水平，但没有增加 MET 活性。暴露于环境浓度下的 MAO 活性明显降低。除了 FX 之外，所有药物都表现出抗炎特性，这一点通过 COX 活性的降低得到了证实。药物产品影响了 H. diversicolor 的生理和健康。作为底栖顶级掠食者，对海虫的不利影响可能会导致生态系统的波动。
