Parathyroid surgery in primary hyperparathyroidism: an update.

The best approach to parathyroid removal in primary hyperparathyroidism (HPT) is still a major topic in neck surgery. The present report reviews our experiences with 71 patients operated by parathyroidectomy (PTX) between 1978 and 1987. Preoperative computed tomography, sonographic and double-tracer subtraction scanning examination allowed a precise assessment of the number and the topography of the diseased glands. Consequently, 65 patients underwent partial "selective" PTX, with removal of one or two glands, while 6 patients underwent subtotal PTX. The surgical results can be summarized as follows: full success in 67 cases (94.4%); persistent hypercalcemic syndrome in 3 cases (4.2%); recurrence of HPT in 1 case (1.4%). One case of persistent hypercalcemia was solved by reoperation. Thus, the total success rate was definitively assessed at 95.8%. As a complication of surgery a long-lasting postoperative hypocalcemic syndrome was observed in only 2 patients following subtotal parathyroidectomy. Our overall findings show that an attentive preoperative study by means of modern imaging techniques usually allows a "selective" partial PTX with good results and a low risk of complications.