Song Qingbin, Zeng Xianlai, Li Jinhui, Duan Huabo, Yuan Wenyi
State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Rm. 805, Sino-Italian Ecological Energy Efficient Building, Beijing, 100084, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Aug;22(16):12366-73. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4350-9. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
The mobile e-waste recycling equipment was chosen as the object of this study, including manual dismantling, mechanical separation of cathode ray tubes (CRTs), and printed circuit boards (PCBs) in the two independent workshops. To determine the potential environmental contamination, the noise, the heavy metals (Cu, Cd, Pb), and the environmental impacts of the e-waste recycling processes in the two workshops of the mobile plant have been evaluated in this paper. This study determined that when control measures are employed, the noise within the two workshops (<80 dB) will meet the national standards. In the CRT workshop, Pb was the most polluting metal, with 2.3 μg/m(3) and 10.53 mg/g in the air and floor dust, respectively. The result of a health risk assessment shows that noncancerous effects are possible for Pb (hazard index (HI) = 3.54 in the CRT workshop and HI = 1.27 in the PCB workshop). The carcinogenic risks to workers for Cd are relatively light in both the workshops. From the results of life cycle assessment (LCA), it can be seen that there was an environmental benefit from the e-waste recycling process as a whole.
本研究选取了移动电子垃圾回收设备作为研究对象，其包括在两个独立车间进行的人工拆解、阴极射线管（CRT）和印刷电路板（PCB）的机械分离。为确定潜在的环境污染，本文对移动工厂两个车间电子垃圾回收过程中的噪声、重金属（铜、镉、铅）以及环境影响进行了评估。本研究确定，采取控制措施后，两个车间内的噪声（<80分贝）将符合国家标准。在CRT车间，铅是污染最严重的金属，空气中铅含量为2.3微克/立方米，地面灰尘中铅含量为10.53毫克/克。健康风险评估结果表明，铅可能会产生非致癌影响（CRT车间的危害指数（HI）=3.54，PCB车间的HI=1.27）。两个车间中镉对工人的致癌风险相对较小。从生命周期评估（LCA）结果可以看出，电子垃圾回收过程整体上具有环境效益。
