Delva N J, Crammer J L, Jarzylo S V, Lawson J S, Owen J A, Sribney M, Weir B J, Yendt E R
Department of Psychiatry, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
Biol Psychiatry. 1989 Dec;26(8):781-93. doi: 10.1016/0006-3223(89)90119-4.
Ten male chronic schizophrenic patients with polydipsia and 10 nonpolydipsic controls, matched for gender, diagnosis, duration of illness, age, and race, were studied by dual- and single-photon absorptiometry to estimate bone density of the lumbar spine and radius and by 24-hr urine collections to estimate urinary electrolyte excretion. Bone density was normal in the control group, but was abnormally low in the polydipsic group, which had a markedly increased incidence of fractures. Electrolyte excretion was normal in the control group and in the polydipsic group when water intake was restricted to normal amounts; increased urinary sodium and calcium excretion occurred in proportion to polydipsia. As polydipsia is associated with a number of physiological changes, the cause of the osteopenia is unclear; we suggest that a negative calcium balance caused by increased urinary calcium excretion induced by extracellular space expansion may play an important role in the causation of the skeletal changes.
对10名患有多饮症的男性慢性精神分裂症患者和10名非多饮症对照者进行了研究，这些对照者在性别、诊断、病程、年龄和种族方面相匹配。通过双能和单能光子吸收法来估计腰椎和桡骨的骨密度，并通过收集24小时尿液来估计尿电解质排泄情况。对照组的骨密度正常，但多饮症组的骨密度异常低，且骨折发生率显著增加。当水摄入量限制在正常水平时，对照组和多饮症组的电解质排泄均正常；尿钠和钙排泄量的增加与多饮症程度成正比。由于多饮症与多种生理变化相关，骨质减少的原因尚不清楚；我们认为，细胞外液扩张引起的尿钙排泄增加导致的负钙平衡可能在骨骼变化的病因中起重要作用。
