Jansen Jan O, Morrison Jonathan J, Wang Handing, He Shan, Lawrenson Robin, Campbell Marion K, Green David R
From the Departments of Surgery (J.O.J.) and Intensive Care Medicine (J.O.J.), Aberdeen Royal Infirmary & Health Services Research Unit (J.O.J.,M.K.C.), and Department of Geography and Environment (D.R.G.), University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen; Academic Unit of Surgery (J.J.M.), Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow City; School of Computer Science (S.H.), University of Birmingham, West Midlands; and Scottish Ambulance Service (R.L)., Edinburgh, United Kingdom; and Key Lab of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding (H.W.), Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, China.
J Trauma Acute Care Surg. 2015 May;78(5):962-9. doi: 10.1097/TA.0000000000000617.
Geospatial analysis is increasingly being used to evaluate the design and effectiveness of trauma systems, but there are no metrics to describe the geographic distribution of incidents. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the feasibility and utility of using spatial analysis to characterize, at scale, the geospatial profile of an injured population.
This is a prospective national cohort study of all trauma patients attended to by the Scottish Ambulance Service in a complete year (between July 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014). Incident location and severity were collected at source. Incident distribution was evaluated using geostatistical techniques.
There were 80,391 recorded incidents involving traumatic injury. Incident density was highest in the central Southern part of the country and along the East coast, broadly following the population distribution and road network. The overall distribution was highly clustered, and centered on the central Southern and Eastern parts of the country. When analyzed by triage category, the distribution of incidents triaged to major trauma center care was slightly less clustered than that of incidents triaged to trauma unit or local emergency hospital care, but the spread was similar. When analyzed by type of injury, assaults and falls were more clustered than incidents relating to traffic and transportation.
This study demonstrates the feasibility and power of describing the geographic distribution of a group of injured patients. The methodology described has potential application for injury surveillance and trauma system design and evaluation.
地理空间分析越来越多地用于评估创伤系统的设计和有效性，但尚无衡量事件地理分布的指标。因此，本研究的目的是评估使用空间分析大规模描述受伤人群地理空间特征的可行性和实用性。
这是一项对苏格兰救护服务机构在一整年（2013年7月1日至2014年6月30日）接诊的所有创伤患者进行的前瞻性全国队列研究。在源头收集事件发生地点和严重程度。使用地理统计技术评估事件分布。
共记录了80391起涉及创伤性损伤的事件。事件密度在该国中南部和东海岸最高，大致与人口分布和道路网络一致。总体分布高度聚集，集中在该国中南部和东部地区。按分诊类别分析时，分诊到主要创伤中心治疗的事件分布聚类程度略低于分诊到创伤病房或当地急诊医院治疗的事件，但分布范围相似。按损伤类型分析时，袭击和跌倒事件比与交通和运输相关的事件聚类程度更高。
本研究证明了描述一组受伤患者地理分布的可行性和作用。所描述的方法在损伤监测以及创伤系统设计和评估方面具有潜在应用价值。
