Colussi GianLuca, Catena Cristiana, Dialti Valeria, Mos Lucio, Sechi Leonardo A
aHypertension Unit, Clinica Medica, Department of Experimental and Clinical Medical Science, University of Udine bSan Antonio Hospital, San Daniele del Friuli, Udine, Italy.
J Hypertens. 2015 May;33(5):993-1000. doi: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000495.
Abnormal vascular reactivity contributes to the pathophysiology of hypertension and hypertension-related organ damage. As the dietary content of fatty acids may affect the vascular responses, we investigated the relationship of endothelium-independent and endothelium-dependent vasodilation with the fatty acid composition of red blood cell (RBC) membranes in hypertension.
In 45 uncomplicated hypertensive patients, we measured the content of fatty acids in RBC membrane as a marker of dietary intake of fatty acids, and the vasodilatory response of the brachial artery to both nitrate-donor compound (nitrate-mediated vasodilation, NMD) and postischemic reactive hyperemia (flow-mediated vasodilation, FMD).
Baseline diameter of the brachial artery was significantly lower and vasodilatory response to NMD was significantly greater in patients with RBC membrane polyunsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid (PUFA/SFA) ratio above the median of the distribution than in patients with PUFA/SFA ratio below the median, whereas no difference was observed in FMD. n-3 PUFA and n-6 PUFA content, and the PUFA/SFA ratio of RBC membranes were related inversely with brachial artery diameter and directly with maximal NMD, whereas no relationship of fatty acid components of RBC membrane with FMD was observed. Multivariate analysis that included demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and biochemical variables indicated that the RBC membrane PUFA/SFA ratio was an independent determinant of brachial artery diameter and NMD response.
The endothelium-independent brachial artery vasodilation is independently related to the PUFA content of RBC membranes in patients with hypertension. This suggests the possible benefits of PUFA-enriched diets on the regulation of vascular tone and blood pressure in these patients.
血管反应异常参与高血压及高血压相关器官损害的病理生理过程。由于脂肪酸的饮食含量可能影响血管反应，我们研究了高血压患者中，红细胞（RBC）膜脂肪酸组成与内皮依赖性和非内皮依赖性血管舒张之间的关系。
在45例未经治疗的高血压患者中，我们测量了RBC膜中脂肪酸的含量，以此作为脂肪酸饮食摄入量的标志物，并测量了肱动脉对硝酸盐供体化合物（硝酸盐介导的血管舒张，NMD）和缺血后反应性充血（血流介导的血管舒张，FMD）的血管舒张反应。
RBC膜多不饱和脂肪酸与饱和脂肪酸（PUFA/SFA）比值高于分布中位数的患者，肱动脉基线直径显著较低，对NMD的血管舒张反应显著更大，而FMD无差异。RBC膜的n-3多不饱和脂肪酸和n-6多不饱和脂肪酸含量以及PUFA/SFA比值与肱动脉直径呈负相关，与最大NMD呈正相关，而未观察到RBC膜脂肪酸成分与FMD之间的关系。包括人口统计学、人体测量学、临床和生化变量的多变量分析表明，RBC膜PUFA/SFA比值是肱动脉直径和NMD反应的独立决定因素。
高血压患者中，非内皮依赖性肱动脉舒张与RBC膜的PUFA含量独立相关。这表明富含PUFA的饮食可能对这些患者的血管张力和血压调节有益。
