Manafi M, Pirany N, Noor Ali M, Hedayati M, Khalaji S, Yari M
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Malayer University, Malayer, Iran
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Shahrekord, Shahrekord, Iran.
Poult Sci. 2015 Jul;94(7):1483-92. doi: 10.3382/ps/pev115. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
This experiment was conducted using 192 day-old Ross 308 chicks, divided into 4 groups of 4 replicate consisting 48 birds. Group I was fed a control diet, Group II was fed control diet supplemented with 0.5 ppm T-2 toxin for 5 weeks, Group III was fed control diet supplemented with 8 × 10(8) cfu/mL of Mycoplasma gallisepticum, and group IV was fed control diet supplemented by T-2 toxin and Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Body weight and feed conversation ratio (FCR), relative organ weights, clinical signs, biochemical characteristics, and gross and histopathological lesions were recorded in the experimental groups at the end of the second and fifth weeks of age. Body weight and relative weights of bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and spleen decreased and FCR increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05), but the relative weights of liver and kidney showed no significant decrease (P ≤ 0.05) in the serum total proteins, albumin, and increase in aspartate aminotransferase and alanine transaminase were observed in T-2 toxin and T-2 accompanied with Mycoplasma fed birds when compared to the control group. Liver was enlarged, friable, and yellowish discoloration with distended gall bladder was noticed. Lymphoid organs such as bursa of Fabricius, thymus, and spleen were atrophied in group II and group IV throughout the study. Microscopically, liver showed vacuolar degeneration of hepatocytes, with increased Kupffer cell activity, bile duct epithelial hyperplasia, and infiltration of inflammatory cells. Kidney showed vacuolar degeneration of tubular epithelium along with pyknotic nuclei. Lymphoid organs showed lymphocytolysis and depletion with prominent reticuloepithelial cells. Proventriculus revealed desquamation of villous epithelial cells and lymphoid infiltration in submucosa. Heart showed mild hemorrhage with infiltration of inflammatory cells. Lung showed edema and inflammatory cells in the bronchioles. Trachea showed desquamation and erosions of mucosa. Proliferation of mucosal glands with increased mucous secretion was obvious. Air sacs showed thickening with presence of inflammatory cells and edema.
本实验使用192只1日龄的罗斯308肉鸡，分为4组，每组4个重复，每组48只鸡。第I组饲喂对照日粮，第II组饲喂添加0.5 ppm T-2毒素的对照日粮，持续5周，第III组饲喂添加8×10(8) cfu/mL鸡毒支原体的对照日粮，第IV组饲喂添加T-2毒素和鸡毒支原体的对照日粮。在实验鸡2周龄和5周龄结束时，记录各实验组的体重、饲料转化率（FCR）、相对器官重量、临床症状、生化特征以及大体和组织病理学病变。与对照组相比，饲喂T-2毒素组以及饲喂T-2毒素并伴有鸡毒支原体组的鸡，其体重、法氏囊、胸腺和脾脏的相对重量下降，FCR显著升高（P≤0.05），但肝脏和肾脏的相对重量无显著下降（P≤0.05），血清总蛋白、白蛋白下降，天冬氨酸转氨酶和丙氨酸转氨酶升高。肝脏肿大、质脆，呈淡黄色，胆囊扩张。在整个研究过程中，第II组和第IV组的法氏囊、胸腺和脾脏等淋巴器官萎缩。显微镜下，肝脏显示肝细胞空泡变性，库普弗细胞活性增加，胆管上皮增生，有炎性细胞浸润。肾脏显示肾小管上皮空泡变性，细胞核固缩。淋巴器官显示淋巴细胞溶解和耗竭，网状上皮细胞突出。腺胃显示绒毛上皮细胞脱落，黏膜下层有淋巴浸润。心脏显示轻度出血，有炎性细胞浸润。肺显示细支气管水肿和炎性细胞浸润。气管显示黏膜脱落和糜烂。黏膜腺增生，黏液分泌增加明显。气囊增厚，有炎性细胞和水肿。
