Miola José
School of Law, University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
Med Law Rev. 2015 Spring;23(2):263-82. doi: 10.1093/medlaw/fwv010. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
The exercise of conscience can have far reaching effects. Poor behaviour can be fatal, as it has occurred in various medical scandals over the years. This article takes a wide definition of conscience as its starting point, and argues that the decision-making processes open to society--legal regulation and professional regulation--can serve to limit the options available to an individual and thus her ability to exercise her conscience. The article charts the law's changing attitude to legal intervention, which now seeks to limit the use of conscience by individuals, and addresses concerns that this may serve to 'de-moralise' medicine. It also examines the reasons for this legal change of approach.
良心的践行可能会产生深远影响。不良行为可能是致命的，就像这些年来在各种医疗丑闻中所发生的那样。本文以对良心的宽泛定义为出发点，并认为社会可采用的决策过程——法律监管和行业监管——可能会限制个人可选择的范围，进而限制其践行良心的能力。本文梳理了法律对法律干预态度的变化，如今法律干预旨在限制个人对良心的运用，并探讨了人们担心这可能会使医学“去道德化”的问题。文章还研究了这种法律方法转变的原因。
