Rajchenberg Mario, Pildain María Belén, Bianchinotti María V, Barroetaveña Carolina
Centro Forestal CIEFAP-CONICET, CC14, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia SJ Bosco, Ruta 259 km 16.2, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina
Centro Forestal CIEFAP-CONICET, CC14, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina and Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia SJ Bosco, Ruta 259 km 16.2, 9200 Esquel, Chubut, Argentina.
Mycologia. 2015 Jul-Aug;107(4):754-67. doi: 10.3852/14-170. Epub 2015 Apr 24.
Six poroid Hymenochaetaceae from Patagonia, Argentina, were studied phylogenetically with nuc rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and partial 28S rDNA sequences, together with morphological data. Two new genera and a new species are introduced as well as two new combinations proposed. Arambarria destruens gen. et sp. nov. is proposed for a taxon fruiting on fallen or standing, dead Diostea juncea and Lomatia hirsuta and previously recorded erroneously as Inocutis jamaicensis; it is distinguished by annual, effused to effused-reflexed basidiomes forming pilei, a monomitic hyphal system, thick-walled and yellowish basidiospores (brownish chestnut in potassium hydroxide solution), lack of a granular core in the context and lack of setoid elements. Nothophellinus gen. nov. is proposed to accommodate Phellinus andinopatagonicus, the main white wood-rotting polypore of standing Nothofagus pumilio and also an important wood-decayer of other Nothofagus species from southern Argentina and Chile. It is morphologically similar to Phellopilus (type species P. nigrolimitatus) but differs by lacking setae. The new combinations Pseudoinonotus crustosus and Phellinopsis andina are proposed for Inonotus crustosus and Phellinus andinus, respectively. Phellinus livescens, which decays the sapwood of several standing Nothofagus species, is closely related to Phellinus uncisetus, a Neotropical species related to Fomitiporia; for the time being P. livescens is retained in Phellinus sensu lato. An unidentified taxon responsible for a white heart-rot in living Austrocedrus chilensis grouped with Phellinus caryophyllii and Fulvifomes inermis, but its generic affinities remain ambiguous. Transmission electron microscopy studies confirm this unidentified taxon has an imperforate parenthesome, which is typical of the Hymenochaetaceae.
利用核糖体DNA内转录间隔区（ITS）和部分28S rDNA序列，并结合形态学数据，对来自阿根廷巴塔哥尼亚的6种多孔菌科层孔菌进行了系统发育研究。文中介绍了两个新属和一个新物种，并提出了两个新组合。毁灭阿拉姆菌属及新种（Arambarria destruens gen. et sp. nov.）是为一个在倒下或直立的死朱缨草（Diostea juncea）和多毛洛玛草（Lomatia hirsuta）上结果的分类单元而设立，该分类单元先前被错误地记录为牙买加硬皮菌（Inocutis jamaicensis）；其特征为一年生，平伏至平伏反卷的担子果形成菌盖，单系菌丝系统，厚壁且淡黄色的担孢子（在氢氧化钾溶液中呈栗褐色），菌髓中无颗粒状核心且无刚毛状元素。新拟诺托拟层孔菌属（Nothophellinus gen. nov.）用于容纳巴塔哥尼亚拟层孔菌（Phellinus andinopatagonicus），它是直立南美假山毛榉（Nothofagus pumilio）的主要白色木材腐朽多孔菌，也是阿根廷南部和智利其他南美假山毛榉物种的重要木材腐朽菌。它在形态上与拟层孔菌属（Phellopilus，模式种为黑边拟层孔菌P. nigrolimitatus）相似，但不同之处在于没有刚毛。分别为硬皮拟隐孔菌（Inonotus crustosus）和安第斯拟层孔菌（Phellinus andinus）提出了新组合假拟隐孔菌（Pseudoinonotus crustosus）和安第斯拟层孔菌（Phellinopsis andina）。活生拟层孔菌（Phellinus livescens）能使几种直立南美假山毛榉的边材腐朽，它与具刚毛拟层孔菌（Phellinus uncisetus）密切相关，具刚毛拟层孔菌是与拟层孔菌属（Fomitiporia）相关的新热带物种；目前活生拟层孔菌暂保留在广义的拟层孔菌属中。一个导致智利肖楠（Austrocedrus chilensis）活体出现白色心材腐朽的未鉴定分类单元与石竹拟层孔菌（Phellinus caryophyllii）和无刺黄多孔菌（Fulvifomes inermis）聚在一起，但其属的亲缘关系仍不明确。透射电子显微镜研究证实，这个未鉴定的分类单元具有无穿孔的囊状体，这是层孔菌科的典型特征。
