Álvarez-Pérez M José, López-Llano M Luisa
Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Espana.
Rev Neurol. 2015 May 1;60(9):401-7.
Traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) is rare in childhood, but it has serious complications.
To assess incidence, causes and socio-demographic aspects of TSCI among children and adolescents in Asturias.
It was made a census of children among aged 0-17 years codified as 'TSCI with or without vertebral fracture' in Asturias between 1934 and 2013. Socio-demographic, hospital and clinical variables were picked up.
In total 72 patients were registered, most of them males (79.2%), with an average age of 16 (range: 5-17). The estimated incidence in 2011 was found to be 7.3/million children/year for children aged 0-17 years. Complete TSCIs (68.1%) and dorsal localization (44.4%) were found to be more common. There was bone injury in 95.8% with two or more vertebras affected in a half of the cases. The main cause was traffic accidents (52.1%) mainly the four wheels vehicles (63.4%), most of them males with an average age of 17 and dorsal localization (46.3%). On second and third place were work-related injuries and sports-related injuries, with the same number of cases. In work related injuries, males were the majority, with dorsal level (77.8%) and the direct blow was the fundamental mechanism. In sports there were males also the dominant, being diving the most important cause, with cervical level.
It is necessary to carry out studies focused on this population group in order to indentify the own characteristics, to establish care and preventive programs, adapted to their necessities.
创伤性脊髓损伤（TSCI）在儿童期较为罕见，但会引发严重并发症。
评估阿斯图里亚斯儿童和青少年中TSCI的发病率、病因及社会人口学特征。
对1934年至2013年间阿斯图里亚斯0至17岁被编码为“伴或不伴椎体骨折的TSCI”的儿童进行普查。收集社会人口学、医院及临床变量。
共登记72例患者，其中大多数为男性（79.2%），平均年龄16岁（范围：5至17岁）。2011年0至17岁儿童的估计发病率为每年7.3/百万儿童。发现完全性TSCI（68.1%）和背部损伤部位（44.4%）更为常见。95.8%的患者存在骨损伤，其中一半病例有两个或更多椎体受累。主要原因是交通事故（52.1%），主要是四轮车辆事故（63.4%），大多数为男性，平均年龄17岁，损伤部位为背部（46.3%）。排在第二和第三位的是工伤和运动相关损伤，病例数相同。在工伤中，男性占多数，损伤部位为背部（77.8%），直接打击是主要机制。在运动损伤中，男性也占主导，潜水是最重要的原因，损伤部位为颈部。
有必要针对这一人群开展研究，以确定其自身特征，制定适合其需求的护理和预防方案。
