Hakimi Hassan, Goto Yasuyuki, Suganuma Keisuke, Angeles Jose Ma M, Kawai Satoru, Inoue Noboru, Kawazu Shin-ichiro
National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
Exp Parasitol. 2015 Jul;154:62-6. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2015.04.018. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) have been considered as an ideal alternative for light microscopy to detect malaria parasites especially in remote areas. The development and improvement of RDTs is an area of intensive research in the last decade. To date, few parasite proteins have been targeted in RDTs which are known to have certain deficiencies and made the researchers to look for other promising candidates to address this problem. Plasmodium falciparum thioredoxin peroxidase 1 (PfTPx-1) is abundantly expressed in the cytoplasm of the parasite and well conserved across Plasmodium species, making this antigen a promising target for malaria diagnosis. Several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) were produced against PfTPx-1. The binding affinities of mAbs were measured. Several immunochromatographic tests (ICTs) were developed using different combination of mAbs. All mAbs showed promising affinities to be used for diagnosis. The sensitivities of ICTs were evaluated using recombinant PfTPx-1 whose results lead us to the preparation of 4 different ICTs. These tests showed positive reaction with P. falciparum in vitro culture supernatant indicating the release of PfTPx-1 during schizont rupture. Altogether, these findings suggest that PfTPx-1 is a promising biomarker to diagnose P. falciparum infection. However, the diagnostic performance of this antigen should be further validated using clinical samples.
快速诊断检测（RDTs）被认为是光学显微镜检测疟原虫的理想替代方法，尤其是在偏远地区。RDTs的开发和改进是过去十年中深入研究的一个领域。迄今为止，RDTs中针对的寄生虫蛋白很少，已知这些蛋白存在一定缺陷，这促使研究人员寻找其他有前景的候选蛋白来解决这个问题。恶性疟原虫硫氧还蛋白过氧化物酶1（PfTPx-1）在寄生虫细胞质中大量表达，并且在疟原虫物种中高度保守，这使得该抗原成为疟疾诊断的一个有前景的靶点。针对PfTPx-1制备了几种单克隆抗体（mAbs）。测量了mAbs的结合亲和力。使用不同组合的mAbs开发了几种免疫层析检测（ICTs）。所有mAbs都显示出有用于诊断的良好亲和力。使用重组PfTPx-1评估了ICTs的敏感性，其结果促使我们制备了4种不同的ICTs。这些检测在体外培养的恶性疟原虫上清液中显示出阳性反应，表明裂殖体破裂期间PfTPx-1的释放。总之，这些发现表明PfTPx-1是诊断恶性疟原虫感染的一个有前景的生物标志物。然而，该抗原的诊断性能应使用临床样本进一步验证。
