Nakasu Erich Yt, Karamaouna Filitsa, Partsinevelos Georgios K, Abd El Halim Hesham M, Fitches Elaine C, Pyati Prashant, Gatehouse John A, Gatehouse Angharad Mr, Edwards Martin G
Newcastle Institute for Research on Environment and Sustainability, School of Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
Capes Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Brazil.
Pest Manag Sci. 2016 Mar;72(3):585-90. doi: 10.1002/ps.4030. Epub 2015 May 23.
The neurotoxin peptide ω-ACTX-Hv1a, fused to the carrier molecule GNA, presents potential for insect control as a biopesticide, being orally toxic to insect pests from different orders. However, thorough evaluation is required to assure its safety towards non-target invertebrates. Effects of this novel biopesticide on the parasitoid Eulophus pennicornis via its host Lacanobia oleracea are presented.
Hv1a/GNA did not cause mortality when injected or fed to fifth-stage L. oleracea, but caused up to 39% reduction in mean larval weight (P < 0.05) and increased developmental time when injected. When fed, GNA, but not Hv1a/GNA, caused ∼35% reduction in larval weight, indicating that host quality was not affected by the fusion protein. Although GNA and Hv1a/GNA were internalised by the hosts following ingestion, and thus were available to higher trophic levels, no significant changes in the rate of E. pennicornis parasitism occurred. Number of parasitoid pupae per host, adult emergence and sex ratio were unaffected by GNA- or Hv1a/GNA-treated hosts (P > 0.05). The fusion protein was degraded by parasitoid larvae, rendering it non-toxic.
Hv1a/GNA has negligible effects on the parasitoid, even under worst-case scenarios. This low toxicity to these insects is of interest in terms of biopesticide specificity and safety to non-target organisms.
与载体分子GNA融合的神经毒素肽ω-ACTX-Hv1a作为一种生物杀虫剂，在害虫防治方面具有潜力，对不同目害虫具有口服毒性。然而，需要进行全面评估以确保其对非靶标无脊椎动物的安全性。本文介绍了这种新型生物杀虫剂通过其寄主甘蓝夜蛾对寄生蜂角额姬小蜂的影响。
将Hv1a/GNA注射或喂食给甘蓝夜蛾五龄幼虫时未导致死亡，但注射时平均幼虫体重最多降低了39%（P<0.05），且发育时间延长。喂食时，GNA而非Hv1a/GNA导致幼虫体重降低约35%，这表明寄主质量不受融合蛋白影响。尽管摄入后GNA和Hv1a/GNA被寄主内化，从而可被更高营养级利用，但角额姬小蜂的寄生率未发生显著变化。用GNA或Hv1a/GNA处理过的寄主上的寄生蜂蛹数、成虫羽化率和性别比均未受影响（P>0.05）。融合蛋白被寄生蜂幼虫降解，使其无毒。
即使在最坏情况下，Hv1a/GNA对寄生蜂的影响也可忽略不计。这种对这些昆虫的低毒性在生物杀虫剂特异性和对非靶标生物的安全性方面具有重要意义。
