Pansier Bénédicte, Schulz Peter J
Institute of Communication and Health, Faculty of Communication Sciences, University of Lugano , Switzerland.
J Public Health Res. 2015 Apr 15;4(1):467. doi: 10.4081/jphr.2015.467. eCollection 2015 Feb 20.
Type 1 diabetes is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases, while type 2 diabetes in children is increasing at alarming rates globally. Against this backdrop, the school is a critical environment for children with diabetes. They continue to face barriers to education that may lead to depression, poor academic performance, and poor quality of life. To address these challenges, diabetes interventions have been implemented in school and the goal was to systematically review these interventions and their outcomes between 2000 and 2013. Fifteen studies were included in the narrative synthesis. Education of school personnel was the main focus before 2006. Studies reported gains in knowledge and perceived confidence of school staff. Since 2006, more comprehensive interventions have been developed to promote better care coordination and create a safe school environment. These studies reported improved diabetes management and quality of life of students. Assessment tools varied and study design included randomized controlled trials, quantitative and qualitative methods. Although many of the studies reported a significant difference in the parameters measured, it was not possible to determine optimal ways to improve the health, quality of life and academic performance of children with diabetes, given the disparity in scope, assessment tools and measured outcomes. Experimental designs, longer follow-up studies, larger sample sizes, and a higher number of participating schools are critical issues to consider in future studies. Most of the research was conducted in North America and further research is needed in other parts of the world. Significance for public healthDiabetes is one of the most common chronic childhood diseases; both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are increasing in children globally. Against this backdrop, the school is a critical environment for children with diabetes. This systematic literature review on school-based diabetes interventions and their outcomes demonstrates that increasing efforts are being made to improve diabetes care and create a safe school environment. Studies reported gains in knowledge and confidence of school staff, as well as improved health and quality of life of students. Given the disparity of the assessment tools used, it was not possible to determine optimal ways to improve the health, quality of life and academic performance of children with diabetes. Future evaluations should include experimental designs, longer follow-up studies, and larger sample sizes. School-based diabetes interventions and solid evaluations will contribute to improving diabetes school policies and ensuring children with diabetes have the same educational opportunities as other children.
1型糖尿病是儿童期最常见的慢性疾病之一，而儿童2型糖尿病在全球正以惊人的速度增加。在此背景下，学校对于糖尿病患儿来说是一个关键环境。他们在接受教育方面仍然面临障碍，这可能导致抑郁、学业成绩不佳和生活质量低下。为应对这些挑战，学校实施了糖尿病干预措施，目标是系统回顾2000年至2013年间这些干预措施及其效果。叙述性综述纳入了15项研究。2006年之前，主要侧重于对学校工作人员的教育。研究报告称学校工作人员的知识水平和感知到的信心有所提高。自2006年以来，已制定了更全面的干预措施，以促进更好的护理协调并营造安全的学校环境。这些研究报告称学生的糖尿病管理和生活质量有所改善。评估工具各不相同，研究设计包括随机对照试验、定量和定性方法。尽管许多研究报告了所测量参数的显著差异，但鉴于范围、评估工具和测量结果的差异，无法确定改善糖尿病患儿健康、生活质量和学业成绩的最佳方法。实验设计、更长时间的随访研究、更大的样本量以及更多参与学校是未来研究中需要考虑的关键问题。大多数研究在北美进行，世界其他地区需要进一步开展研究。对公共卫生的意义糖尿病是儿童期最常见的慢性疾病之一；1型和2型糖尿病在全球儿童中都呈上升趋势。在此背景下，学校对于糖尿病患儿来说是一个关键环境。这项关于学校糖尿病干预措施及其效果的系统文献综述表明，为改善糖尿病护理和营造安全的学校环境正在做出越来越多的努力。研究报告称学校工作人员的知识和信心有所提高，以及学生的健康和生活质量有所改善。鉴于所使用评估工具的差异，无法确定改善糖尿病患儿健康、生活质量和学业成绩的最佳方法。未来的评估应包括实验设计、更长时间的随访研究和更大的样本量。基于学校的糖尿病干预措施和扎实的评估将有助于改进学校糖尿病政策，并确保糖尿病患儿与其他儿童享有同等的教育机会。
