Simple M, Suresh Amritha, Das Debashish, Kuriakose Moni A
Head and Neck Oncology, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Center, Narayana Health, Bangalore 560099, India; School of Bio Sciences & Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, India.
DSRG-5, Mazumdar Shaw Center for Translational Research, Narayana Hrudayalaya, Bangalore 560099, India; Department of Head and Neck/Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Mazumdar Shaw Medical Centre-Roswell Park Collaboration Program, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Elm Street, Buffalo, NY 14263, United States.
Oral Oncol. 2015 Jul;51(7):643-51. doi: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2015.04.006. Epub 2015 Apr 23.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has a high propensity for local failure, which is attributed to recurrence at the primary site or the development of second primary tumors (SPT). Field cancerization that refers to the existence of transformed cells in areas adjacent to the primary tumor, has been attributed to be one of the probable reasons underlying disease relapse. The carcinogenic process necessitates multiple molecular events for the transformation of a normal cell into a cancer cell. This implies that only the long-time residents of the epithelium, such as the stem cells, might be the candidates capable of accumulating these genetic hits. These transformed stem cells- the 'Cancer stem cells' (CSCs), are further known to be equipped with the properties of tumor initiation and migration, both of which are essential for orchestrating field cancerization. The concept that the CSCs might be responsible for field cancerization in OSCC has not been explored extensively. If the role of CSCs as the primary units of field cancerization process is established, their presence in the mucosa adjacent to the tumor may be an indicator for local recurrence and/or development of second primary tumors. In this review, we examine the available evidence in literature exploring the possibilities of CSCs driving the process of field cancerization and thereby being the underlying mechanism for disease recurrence and development of SPT.
口腔鳞状细胞癌（OSCC）局部复发倾向较高，这归因于原发部位的复发或第二原发性肿瘤（SPT）的发生。场癌化是指在原发性肿瘤邻近区域存在转化细胞，被认为是疾病复发的可能原因之一。致癌过程需要多个分子事件才能使正常细胞转化为癌细胞。这意味着只有上皮组织中的长期驻留细胞，如干细胞，可能是能够积累这些基因损伤的候选细胞。这些转化的干细胞——“癌症干细胞”（CSCs），还具有肿瘤起始和迁移的特性，这两者对于协调场癌化都至关重要。癌症干细胞可能在OSCC场癌化中起作用这一概念尚未得到广泛探索。如果确定癌症干细胞作为场癌化过程的主要单位的作用，它们在肿瘤邻近黏膜中的存在可能是局部复发和/或第二原发性肿瘤发生的一个指标。在本综述中，我们研究了文献中的现有证据，探讨癌症干细胞驱动场癌化过程并因此成为疾病复发和第二原发性肿瘤发生的潜在机制的可能性。
