Lymph node status predicts the benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients with resected pancreatic cancer.

BACKGROUND

The role of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in pancreatic cancer remains limited. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prediction of lymph node (LN) status to the benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients with resected pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

METHODS

Between December 2010 and December 2012, a total of 152 patients undergoing curative R0 resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma from multi-institutions were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTS

Overall median survival was 16.3 months. Sixty-four patients (42.1%) received adjuvant chemoradiotherapy, whereas 88 (57.9%) did not receive adjuvant therapy after surgery. Patients who received chemoradiotherapy could achieve an improved median OS compared with surgery alone (20.3 versus 13.9 months, p=0.027). Stratified by different lymph node status, multivariate analysis demonstrated the benefit of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy was only seen among patients with lymphatic positive disease (HR = 0.54, 95% CI, 0.33-0.88; p=0.014), not lymphatic negative disease (HR = 0.80, 95% CI, 0.44-1.46; p=0. 468).

CONCLUSIONS

This study suggests adjuvant chemoradiotherapy is associated with a significant improvement of survival only in patients with LN-positive disease, while the effects of chemoradiotherapy on patients with LN-negative disease may be limited. This study may add incremental knowledge of the role of lymph node status in offering treatment with adjuvant chemoradiotherapy.