Liao Xiao-yang, Peng Da-qing, Wang Wei-wen, Lei Yi, Luo Feng-ming, Yang Zhi-yi, Su Qiao-li, Zou Chuan
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban. 2015 Mar;46(2):258-62.
To determine risk factors associated with the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in urban and rural populations in Chengdu.
A multistage random cluster sampling method was adopted to select participants from four communities in Chengdu. All residents aged 40-70 yr. were eligible to participate in this study, which involved a questionnaire survey, physical examination and portable spirometry. Those with airflow limitations were also given post-bronchodilator testing 15 min after inhalation of a dose of 200 microg salbutamol. We defined a forced expiratory volume in one second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) of less than 70% as COPD. Logistic regression models were performed to identify risk factors of COPD.
Of a total of 1931 eligible participants, 1579 (81.77%) completed the questionnaire and spirometry. About 8.35% were identified with COPD: 7.69% in urban vs. 12.37% in rural (P<0.05). The prevalence of COPD increased with age (P<0.05) in the male and total populations. Rural COPD patients had a higher level of smoking rate and use of coal as fuel for cooking than their urban counterparts (P<0.05). But rural COPD patients had a lower level of BMI, waist circumference, literacy, and average household income per capita than their urban counterparts (P<0.05). The multivariate analysis showed that tobacco smoking index (pack-year), education, age and BMI were predictors of COPD for male patients; whereas, coal fuel usage, income and BMI were predictors of COPD for female patients.
COPD prevalence is higher in rural areas than in urban Chengdu. Major risk factors of COPD include smoking, coal fuels and BMI.
确定成都城乡人群中与慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患病率相关的危险因素。
采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法从成都四个社区选取参与者。所有年龄在40 - 70岁的居民均有资格参与本研究，研究包括问卷调查、体格检查和便携式肺功能测定。对存在气流受限者，在吸入200微克沙丁胺醇剂量后15分钟还进行支气管扩张剂后测试。我们将一秒用力呼气容积/用力肺活量（FEV1/FVC）小于70%定义为COPD。采用逻辑回归模型确定COPD的危险因素。
在总共1931名符合条件的参与者中，1579名（81.77%）完成了问卷调查和肺功能测定。约8.35%的人被诊断为COPD：城市人群中为7.69%，农村人群中为12.37%（P<0.05）。在男性和总体人群中，COPD患病率随年龄增长而升高（P<0.05）。农村COPD患者的吸烟率和使用煤炭作为烹饪燃料的比例高于城市患者（P<0.05）。但农村COPD患者的体重指数、腰围、文化程度和人均家庭收入水平低于城市患者（P<0.05）。多因素分析显示，吸烟指数（包年）、教育程度、年龄和体重指数是男性患者COPD的预测因素；而煤炭燃料使用、收入和体重指数是女性患者COPD的预测因素。
成都农村地区的COPD患病率高于城市。COPD的主要危险因素包括吸烟、煤炭燃料和体重指数。
