Braje Sopagna Eap, Eddy J Mark, Hall Gordon C N
Clinical Psychology Doctoral Program, California School of Professional Psychology-San Diego, Alliant International University, 10455 Pomerado Road, San Diego, CA, 92116, USA.
Partners for Our Children, School of Social Work, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Arch Sex Behav. 2016 Jan;45(1):73-83. doi: 10.1007/s10508-015-0523-3. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
Two models of risky sexual behavior (RSB) were compared in a community sample of late adolescents (N = 223). For the traumagenic model, early negative sexual experiences were posited to lead to an association between negative affect with sexual relationships. For the cognitive escape model, depressive affect was posited to lead to engagement in RSB as a way to avoid negative emotions. The current study examined whether depression explained the relationship between sexual trauma and RSB, supporting the cognitive escape model, or whether it was sexual trauma that led specifically to RSB, supporting the traumagenic model. Physical trauma experiences were also examined to disentangle the effects of sexual trauma compared to other emotionally distressing events. The study examined whether the results would be moderated by participant sex. For males, support was found for the cognitive escape model but not the traumagenic model. Among males, physical trauma and depression predicted engagement in RSB but sexual trauma did not. For females, support was found for the traumagenic and cognitive escape model. Among females, depression and sexual trauma both uniquely predicted RSB. There was an additional suppressor effect of socioeconomic status in predicting RSB among females. Results suggest that the association of trauma type with RSB depends on participant sex. Implications of the current study for RSB prevention efforts are discussed.
在一个由223名青少年晚期个体组成的社区样本中，对两种危险行为（RSB）模型进行了比较。对于创伤源模型，早期负面性经历被认为会导致负面情绪与性关系之间产生关联。对于认知逃避模型，抑郁情绪被认为会导致个体参与RSB，以此作为避免负面情绪的一种方式。本研究考察了抑郁是否能解释性创伤与RSB之间的关系（支持认知逃避模型），或者是否是性创伤特别导致了RSB（支持创伤源模型）。还对身体创伤经历进行了考察，以区分性创伤与其他情绪困扰事件的影响。该研究考察了结果是否会因参与者性别而有所不同。对于男性，研究结果支持认知逃避模型，但不支持创伤源模型。在男性中，身体创伤和抑郁可预测其参与RSB的情况，但性创伤则不然。对于女性，研究结果支持创伤源模型和认知逃避模型。在女性中，抑郁和性创伤均能独立预测RSB。在预测女性的RSB方面，社会经济地位存在额外的抑制效应。结果表明，创伤类型与RSB之间的关联取决于参与者的性别。文中讨论了本研究对RSB预防工作的启示。
