Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri.
George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri.
Womens Health Issues. 2018 Sep-Oct;28(5):421-429. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
Trauma exposure has been linked to risky sexual behavior (RSB), but few studies have examined the impact of distinct trauma types on RSB in one model or how the association with trauma and RSB may differ across race.
The objective of the current study was to examine the contribution of trauma exposure types to RSB-substance-related RSB and partner-related RSB identified through factor analysis-in young Black and White adult women.
We investigated the associations of multiple trauma types and RSB factor scores in participants from a general population sample of young adult female twins (n = 2,948). We examined the independent relationship between specific traumas and RSB, adjusting for substance use, psychopathology, and familial covariates. All pertinent constructs were coded positive only if they occurred before sexual debut.
In Black women, sexual abuse was significantly associated with substance-related and partner-related RSB, but retained significance only for partner-related RSB in a fully adjusted model. For White women, sexual abuse and physical abuse were associated with both RSB factors in the base and fully adjusted models. Witnessing injury or death was only associated with RSBs in base models. For both groups, initiating alcohol (for Black women), alcohol, or cannabis (for White women) before sexual debut (i.e., early exposure) was associated with the greatest increased odds of RSB.
Data highlight the contribution of prior sexual abuse to RSBs for both White and Black women, and of prior physical abuse to RSBs for White women. Findings have implications for intervention after physical and sexual abuse exposure to prevent RSB, and thus, potentially reduce sexually transmitted infection/human immunodeficiency virus infection and unintended pregnancy in young women.
创伤暴露与危险性行为（RSB）有关，但很少有研究在一个模型中检查不同创伤类型对 RSB 的影响，也没有研究如何评估创伤与 RSB 之间的关联是否因种族而异。
本研究的目的是检验创伤暴露类型对 RSB 的贡献，包括通过因子分析确定的物质相关 RSB 和伴侣相关 RSB，这些 RSB 存在于年轻的黑人和白人成年女性中。
我们调查了来自年轻成年女性双胞胎一般人群样本（n=2948）中多种创伤类型与 RSB 因子得分的关联。我们检验了特定创伤与 RSB 之间的独立关系，调整了物质使用、精神病理学和家族协变量。所有相关的构念仅在它们发生在性初露之前时被编码为阳性。
在黑人女性中，性虐待与物质相关和伴侣相关的 RSB 显著相关，但在完全调整的模型中仅保留与伴侣相关的 RSB 显著相关。对于白人女性，性虐待和身体虐待与 RSB 两个因子在基础和完全调整的模型中均相关。目睹伤害或死亡仅与基础模型中的 RSB 相关。对于两个群体，在性初露之前开始饮酒（对于黑人女性）、酒精或大麻（对于白人女性）（即早期暴露）与 RSB 的最大比值比增加相关。
数据突出了性虐待对黑人和白人女性 RSB 的贡献，以及身体虐待对白人和女性 RSB 的贡献。这些发现为身体和性虐待后预防 RSB 的干预提供了依据，从而有可能减少年轻女性的性传播感染/人类免疫缺陷病毒感染和意外怀孕。
