Martin-Liberal Juan, Kordbacheh Tiana, Larkin James
The Royal Marsden Hospital , Fulham Road SW3 6JJ, London , UK +44 20 7811 8576 ; +44 20 7811 8103 ;
Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2015 Jun;14(6):957-64. doi: 10.1517/14740338.2015.1021774. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
The immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab is the first anti-programmed-death-1 (PD-1) drug licensed by the FDA. It has been approved for the treatment of advanced melanoma, thanks to its positive results in terms of efficacy and its favorable toxicity profile. However, it is not exempt from side effects. In general, these are usually mild and easily manageable but there are pembrolizumab-induced immune-related adverse events (irAEs) that can be severe. Therefore, the understanding, diagnosis and management of those side effects are essential for the optimal care of patients treated with pembrolizumab.
In this article, the safety and efficacy of pembrolizumab in melanoma are extensively reviewed as well as its mechanism of action and the role of the PD-1 pathway in cancer. Also, its profile of side effects is compared with other immune checkpoint inhibitors such as ipilimumab and nivolumab.
Pembrolizumab is generally a well-tolerated drug but irAEs are not infrequent. However, these are usually mild and easily manageable in most cases. Early diagnosis and correct management of side effects induced by immune checkpoint inhibitors such as pembrolizumab should be areas of further work in forthcoming years.
免疫检查点抑制剂派姆单抗是美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准的首个抗程序性死亡蛋白1（PD-1）药物。由于其在疗效方面的积极结果以及良好的毒性特征，它已被批准用于治疗晚期黑色素瘤。然而，它并非没有副作用。一般来说，这些副作用通常较轻且易于控制，但派姆单抗会引发严重的免疫相关不良事件（irAE）。因此，了解、诊断和管理这些副作用对于接受派姆单抗治疗的患者的最佳护理至关重要。
本文广泛回顾了派姆单抗在黑色素瘤中的安全性和疗效，以及其作用机制和PD-1通路在癌症中的作用。此外，还将其副作用特征与其他免疫检查点抑制剂如伊匹单抗和纳武单抗进行了比较。
派姆单抗通常是一种耐受性良好的药物，但irAE并不罕见。然而，在大多数情况下，这些副作用通常较轻且易于控制。未来几年，对免疫检查点抑制剂如派姆单抗引起的副作用进行早期诊断和正确管理应是进一步研究的方向。
