Lin Hsiang-Yuan, Tseng Wen-Yih Isaac, Lai Meng-Chuan, Matsuo Kayako, Gau Susan Shur-Fen
1Department of Psychiatry,National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine,Taipei,Taiwan.
2Center for Optoelectronic Medicine,College of Medicine,National Taiwan University,Taipei,Taiwan.
J Int Neuropsychol Soc. 2015 Apr;21(4):271-84. doi: 10.1017/S135561771500020X. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
The frontoparietal control network, anatomically and functionally interposed between the dorsal attention network and default mode network, underpins executive control functions. Individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) commonly exhibit deficits in executive functions, which are mainly mediated by the frontoparietal control network. Involvement of the frontoparietal control network based on the anterior prefrontal cortex in neurobiological mechanisms of ADHD has yet to be tested. We used resting-state functional MRI and seed-based correlation analyses to investigate functional connectivity of the frontoparietal control network in a sample of 25 children with ADHD (7-14 years; mean 9.94 ± 1.77 years; 20 males), and 25 age-, sex-, and performance IQ-matched typically developing (TD) children. All participants had limited in-scanner head motion. Spearman's rank correlations were used to test the associations between altered patterns of functional connectivity with clinical symptoms and executive functions, measured by the Conners' Continuous Performance Test and Spatial Span in the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Compared with TD children, children with ADHD demonstrated weaker connectivity between the right anterior prefrontal cortex (PFC) and the right ventrolateral PFC, and between the left anterior PFC and the right inferior parietal lobule. Furthermore, this aberrant connectivity of the frontoparietal control network in ADHD was associated with symptoms of impulsivity and opposition-defiance, as well as impaired response inhibition and attentional control. The findings support potential integration of the disconnection model and the executive dysfunction model for ADHD. Atypical frontoparietal control network may play a pivotal role in the pathophysiology of ADHD.
额顶叶控制网络在解剖学和功能上介于背侧注意网络和默认模式网络之间，支持执行控制功能。注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者通常表现出执行功能缺陷，而执行功能主要由额顶叶控制网络介导。基于前额叶前部皮质的额顶叶控制网络在ADHD神经生物学机制中的作用尚未得到验证。我们使用静息态功能磁共振成像和基于种子点的相关分析，研究了25名ADHD儿童（7 - 14岁；平均9.94±1.77岁；20名男性）和25名年龄、性别及智商匹配的发育正常（TD）儿童样本中额顶叶控制网络的功能连接。所有参与者在扫描过程中的头部运动都很有限。使用斯皮尔曼等级相关分析来测试功能连接改变模式与临床症状和执行功能之间的关联，临床症状和执行功能通过康纳斯连续操作测验以及剑桥神经心理测试自动成套系统中的空间广度测试来测量。与TD儿童相比，ADHD儿童在右侧前额叶前部皮质（PFC）与右侧腹外侧PFC之间，以及左侧前额叶前部皮质与右侧顶下小叶之间表现出较弱的连接。此外，ADHD患者额顶叶控制网络的这种异常连接与冲动和对立违抗症状以及反应抑制和注意力控制受损有关。这些发现支持了ADHD的断开连接模型和执行功能障碍模型的潜在整合。非典型的额顶叶控制网络可能在ADHD的病理生理学中起关键作用。
