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孵化后期的低强度、短持续时间热刺激会改变第二性征比例,有利于雄性。

Low-intensity, short-duration thermal stimulation during the late phase of incubation alters secondary sex ratio in favour of males.

作者信息

Elmehdawi A, Hall M, Skewes P, Wicker D, Maurice D V, Smith J, Benton R

机构信息

a Department of Animal Production , College of Agriculture, Tripoli University , Tripoli , Libya.

出版信息

Br Poult Sci. 2015;56(3):381-8. doi: 10.1080/00071668.2015.1041099. Epub 2015 May 11.

Abstract
  1. In two experiments, two setters and hatchers, with a capacity of 42 240 eggs each, were used to investigate the effect of low-intensity, short-duration thermal stimuli during the late phase of incubation on hatchability, sex ratio and grow-out performance of broilers under field conditions. 2. Eggs in the test group had the same physical environment as eggs in the control group except that incubation temperature was increased by 0.5°C for 2 h/d above the control group from 18 to 20 d of incubation. 3. Thermal stimulation significantly increased the proportion of males hatched in both experiments. In experiment 2, evaluation at 7 d of age showed that the proportion of males in the test group was still significantly higher than in the control group. 4. In experiment 2, hatch residue was examined and the proportion of unhatched male embryos was significantly greater in the control group than in the test group. 5. Thermal stimulation did not have a significant influence on post-hatch performance of broiler chickens to market age. 6. The results demonstrated that thermal stimulation of 0.5°C for 2 h/d above the control during late incubation shifted the sex ratio at hatch and at 7 d in favour of males. The difference in secondary sex ratio was due to increased survival of male embryos in the test group.
摘要
  1. 在两项试验中,使用了两台孵化器和出雏器,每台容量为42240枚蛋,以研究孵化后期低强度、短时间热刺激对田间条件下肉鸡孵化率、性别比例和育成性能的影响。2. 试验组的蛋与对照组的蛋具有相同的物理环境,不同之处在于,从孵化第18天至20天,试验组的孵化温度比对照组每天提高0.5°C,持续2小时。3. 在两项试验中,热刺激均显著提高了雄性雏鸡的孵化比例。在试验2中,7日龄时的评估表明,试验组雄性雏鸡的比例仍显著高于对照组。4. 在试验2中,对孵化残次品进行了检查,发现对照组未孵化雄性胚胎的比例显著高于试验组。5. 热刺激对肉鸡上市前的后期生长性能没有显著影响。6. 结果表明,孵化后期比对照组每天进行2小时0.5°C的热刺激,可使孵化时和7日龄时的性别比例向雄性偏移。第二性比例的差异是由于试验组雄性胚胎的存活率提高所致。

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