The management of complications of small joint arthrodesis and arthroplasty.

Arthrodesis and arthroplasty are surgical options used for the management of pain, stiffness, deformity, and instability related to arthritis and traumatic injury of the small joints of the hand. Arthrodesis and arthroplasty come with a risk of postoperative infection. Superficial soft tissue infections can often be managed with oral antibiotics alone. Deep infections and osteomyelitis frequently require removal of hardware in addition to antibiotics and may require surgical revision once the infection is cleared. Selection of the most appropriate revision technique depends on the underlying cause of the initial failure, patients' functional and outcome needs, and surgeon preference.