Datta Biswajit, Datta Chandan, Halder Biswajit, Pahari Dilip Kumar
J Indian Med Assoc. 2014 Jan;112(1):22-5.
Tuberculosis is very much prevalent in developing countries like India. Genito-urinary tuberculosis usually occurs after 5 to 15 years of the primary lung infection. After lymph node involvement,it is the second common form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. In this retrospective study, case records of 67 patients diagnosed with genito-urinary tuberculosis in our institute were thoroughly reviewed regarding age, sex, the urogenital organ involved by tuberculosis,mode of diagnosis,and treatment given to the patients. Median age of the patients was 38.5 years, males were more commonly involved than females, kidney was the most common organ involved by tuberculosis followed by ureter and urinary bladder.HIV infection was present in a single patient who had developed tuberculous perinephric abscess. Most common mode of diagnosis was by histopathological examination of the organ involved. Hydronephrosis of the involved kidney with echogenic debris in the dilated pelvicalyceal system on ultrasonography and non-visualised kidney on intravenous urogram was the most common findings on imaging studies who underwent nephrectomy. One patient was seen with tuberculosis of the glans penis which is not much common. Surgical intervention was ablative in nature in most of the cases in the form of nephrectomy. Early diagnosis is important and can prevent the anatomical defor- mity and loss of function of the involved organ.
结核病在印度等发展中国家非常普遍。泌尿生殖系统结核通常在原发性肺部感染5至15年后发生。在淋巴结受累后，它是肺外结核的第二种常见形式。在这项回顾性研究中，对我院67例诊断为泌尿生殖系统结核患者的病例记录进行了全面审查，内容包括年龄、性别、泌尿生殖系统中受结核累及的器官、诊断方式以及给予患者的治疗。患者的中位年龄为38.5岁，男性受累比女性更常见，肾脏是受结核累及最常见的器官，其次是输尿管和膀胱。有1例患者感染了HIV，并发结核性肾周脓肿。最常见的诊断方式是对受累器官进行组织病理学检查。接受肾切除术的患者在影像学检查中最常见的表现是受累肾脏肾积水，扩张的肾盂肾盏系统内有回声性碎屑，静脉肾盂造影显示肾脏不显影。有1例患者患有阴茎头结核，这种情况不太常见。在大多数病例中，手术干预本质上是切除性的，形式为肾切除术。早期诊断很重要，可防止受累器官出现解剖学畸形和功能丧失。
