Müller Anne-Katrin, Brinkmann Markus, Baumann Lisa, Stoffel Michael H, Segner Helmut, Kidd Karen A, Hollert Henner
Department of Ecosystem Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
Centre for Fish and Wildlife Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstr. 122, 3012, Bern, Switzerland.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2015 Nov;22(22):17330-42. doi: 10.1007/s11356-015-4177-4. Epub 2015 May 5.
Mercury (Hg) contamination is a global issue due to its anthropogenic release, long-range transport, and deposition in remote areas. In Kejimkujik National Park and National Historic Site, Nova Scotia, Canada, high concentrations of total mercury (THg) were found in tissues of yellow perch (Perca flavescens). The aim of this study was to evaluate a possible relationship between THg concentrations and the morphology of perch liver as a main site of metal storage and toxicity. Yellow perch were sampled from five lakes known to contain fish representing a wide range in Hg concentrations in fall 2013. The ultrastructure of hepatocytes and the distribution of Hg within the liver parenchyma were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and electron energy loss spectrometry (EELS). The relative area of macrophage aggregates (MAs) in the liver was determined using image analysis software and fluorescence microscopy. No relation between general health indicators (Fulton's condition index) and THg was observed. In line with this, TEM examination of the liver ultrastructure revealed no prominent pathologies related to THg accumulation. However, a morphological parameter that appeared to increase with muscle THg was the relative area of MAs in the liver. The hepatic lysosomes appeared to be enlarged in samples with the highest THg concentrations. Interestingly, EELS analysis revealed that the MAs and hepatic lysosomes contained Hg.
汞（Hg）污染是一个全球性问题，因其人为排放、远距离传输以及在偏远地区的沉积。在加拿大新斯科舍省的凯吉姆库吉克国家公园和国家历史遗址，人们发现黄鲈（Perca flavescens）组织中的总汞（THg）浓度很高。本研究的目的是评估THg浓度与鲈鱼肝脏形态之间的可能关系，肝脏是金属储存和毒性的主要部位。2013年秋季，从五个已知含有汞浓度范围广泛的鱼类的湖泊中采集了黄鲈样本。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）和电子能量损失谱（EELS）分析了肝细胞的超微结构以及肝脏实质内汞的分布。使用图像分析软件和荧光显微镜确定了肝脏中巨噬细胞聚集体（MAs）的相对面积。未观察到一般健康指标（富尔顿状况指数）与THg之间的关系。与此一致的是，肝脏超微结构的TEM检查未发现与THg积累相关的明显病变。然而，一个似乎随肌肉THg增加的形态学参数是肝脏中MAs的相对面积。在THg浓度最高的样本中，肝脏溶酶体似乎增大。有趣的是，EELS分析显示MAs和肝脏溶酶体含有汞。
