Tani Yukako, Asakura Keiko, Sasaki Satoshi, Hirota Naoko, Notsu Akiko, Todoriki Hidemi, Miura Ayako, Fukui Mitsuru, Date Chigusa
Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Department of Social and Preventive Epidemiology, School of Public Health, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, Graduate School of Interdisciplinary Information Studies, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Appetite. 2015 Sep;92:66-73. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2015.04.071. Epub 2015 Apr 30.
Although the distribution of energy intake throughout the day appears to impact overall daily energy intake, little is known about the ad libitum distribution of energy intake.
Our aim was to investigate associations between the distribution of energy intake during the day and subsequent or overall energy intake, and food choice in free-living adults.
A total of 119 women and 116 men completed 16-day semi-weighed dietary records. The longitudinal dietary intake data for each participant were analyzed using a mixed model to examine the effect of energy intake at various times of day on subsequent or overall energy intake.
Mean proportion of total energy intake in the morning (4:00 a.m.-10:29 a.m.), afternoon (10:30 a.m.-4:59 p.m.) and evening (5:00 p.m.-3:59 a.m.) meal was 22.6%, 33.8% and 43.6% in men, and 24.7%, 36.5%, 38.8% in women, respectively. Proportion of energy intake (%) in the morning meal was significantly and negatively associated with energy intake (kcal) in the subsequent afternoon and evening meals, and consequently in the whole day in both sexes. This significant and negative association was also observed for proportion of energy intake (%) of fat, but not of carbohydrate or protein, in both sexes. Proportion of energy intake (%) in the morning meal was negatively associated with overall energy intake (kcal) from the group of meats, fish, and eggs in both sexes, and from the group of confectioneries and soft drinks in women.
More energy in the morning meal may reduce energy intake, especially that from fat, in the subsequent meals, and consequently in the whole day.
尽管一天中能量摄入的分布似乎会影响每日总能量摄入，但关于自由摄入能量的分布情况却知之甚少。
我们的目的是调查自由生活的成年人白天能量摄入分布与随后或总体能量摄入以及食物选择之间的关联。
共有119名女性和116名男性完成了为期16天的半称重饮食记录。使用混合模型分析每个参与者的纵向饮食摄入数据，以检查一天中不同时间的能量摄入对随后或总体能量摄入的影响。
男性早餐（上午4:00 - 10:29）、午餐（上午10:30 - 下午4:59）和晚餐（下午5:00 - 凌晨3:59）的能量摄入占总能量摄入的平均比例分别为22.6%、33.8%和43.6%，女性分别为24.7%、36.5%、38.8%。早餐能量摄入比例（%）与随后下午和晚餐以及全天的能量摄入（千卡）在两性中均呈显著负相关。对于脂肪的能量摄入比例（%），在两性中也观察到这种显著负相关，但碳水化合物或蛋白质的能量摄入比例则未观察到。早餐能量摄入比例（%）与两性中肉类、鱼类和蛋类组以及女性中糖果和软饮料组的总体能量摄入（千卡）呈负相关。
早餐摄入更多能量可能会减少随后餐食以及全天的能量摄入，尤其是脂肪摄入。
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