Willcocks Briony, McAuliffe Gary N, Baird Robert W
Microbiology Department, Royal Darwin Hospital, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
J Paediatr Child Health. 2015 Oct;51(10):982-7. doi: 10.1111/jpc.12885. Epub 2015 May 4.
Review of dwarf tapeworm (Hymenolepis nana) presentations to Northern Territory (NT) Government health-care facilities over 12 years. We postulated H. nana infections would remain unchanged despite the introduction of deworming programmes as H. nana is not eradicated with albendazole treatment.
A retrospective observational analysis of consecutive microbiologically confirmed cases of H. nana identified by NT Government health-care facilities between 2002 and 2013.
Four hundred sixty-one episodes of H. nana infection were identified over the 12-year period from 68 387 faecal samples. Infections were overwhelmingly in young children with a median age of patients being 3.0 years (interquartile range 2.25-4.67). Patients were predominantly Indigenous (98.9%, P = 0.001) and infections occurred across the entire NT. Infections were associated with anaemia (18.2%) and eosinophilia (39.6%). The annual prevalence of NT Government health-care facility diagnosed H. nana infection remains relatively constant from 6.9 {4.8-9.0 (confidence interval (CI))} cases per 10 000 Indigenous population in 2002, compared with 6.6 (4.7-8.4 CI) cases per 10 000 Indigenous population in 2013. Infection rates in Indigenous children <5 years of age were: 46.1 (16.4-75.8 CI) cases/10 000 in 2002, compared with 44.3 (15.3-73.3 CI) cases/10 000 Indigenous population in 2013.
H. nana is the most frequently identified cestode (tapeworm) in NT Government health-care facilities. H. nana remains endemic throughout the NT, predominantly infecting Indigenous children less than 5 years of age.
回顾12年间北领地（NT）政府医疗机构中微小膜壳绦虫（Hymenolepis nana）的病例情况。我们推测，尽管开展了驱虫项目，但微小膜壳绦虫感染情况仍不会改变，因为阿苯达唑治疗无法根除该寄生虫。
对NT政府医疗机构在2002年至2013年间连续确诊的微小膜壳绦虫病例进行回顾性观察分析。
在12年期间，从68387份粪便样本中识别出461例微小膜壳绦虫感染病例。感染主要发生在幼儿中，患者年龄中位数为3.0岁（四分位间距2.25 - 4.67）。患者主要为原住民（98.9%，P = 0.001），感染遍布整个NT地区。感染与贫血（18.2%）和嗜酸性粒细胞增多（39.6%）有关。2002年，NT政府医疗机构诊断的微小膜壳绦虫感染年患病率为每10000名原住民中有6.9{4.8 - 9.0（置信区间（CI））}例，2013年为每10000名原住民中有6.6（4.7 - 8.4 CI）例。2002年，5岁以下原住民儿童的感染率为每10000人中有46.1（16.4 - 75.8 CI）例，2013年为每10000名原住民中有44.3（15.3 - 73.3 CI）例。
微小膜壳绦虫是NT政府医疗机构中最常发现的绦虫（带绦虫）。微小膜壳绦虫在整个NT地区仍然流行，主要感染5岁以下的原住民儿童。
