McLean Blake D, Tofari Paul J, Gore Christopher J, Kemp Justin G
1School of Exercise Science, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia; 2Department of Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, Canberra, Australia; and 3Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Flinders University of South Australia, Bedford Park, Australia.
J Strength Cond Res. 2015 Nov;29(11):3206-15. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000984.
There is a paucity of data examining the impact of high-intensity interval hypoxic training (IHT) on intermittent running performance. This study assessed the effects of IHT on 17 amateur Australian Footballers, who completed 8 interval treadmill running sessions (IHT [FIO2 = 15.1%] or PLACEBO) over 4 weeks, in addition to normoxic football (2 per week) and resistance (2 per week) training sessions. To match relative training intensity, absolute IHT intensity reduced by 6% of normoxic vV[Combining Dot Above]O2peak compared with PLACEBO. Before and after the intervention, performance was assessed by Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) and a self-paced team sport running protocol. Standardized effect size statistics were calculated using Cohen's d to compare between the interventions. Compared with PLACEBO, IHT subjects experienced (a) smaller improvements in Yo-Yo IR2 performance (Cohen's d = -0.42 [-0.82 to -0.02; 90% confidence interval]); (b) similar increases in high-intensity running distance during the team sport protocol (d = 0.17 [-0.50 to 0.84]); and (c) greater improvements in total distance (d = 0.72 [0.33-1.10]) and distance covered during low-intensity activity (d = 0.59 [-0.07 to 1.11]) during the team sport protocol. The lower absolute training intensity of IHT may explain the smaller improvements in Yo-Yo IR2 performance in the hypoxic group. Conversely, the data from the self-paced protocol suggest that IHT may positively influence pacing strategies in team sport athletes. In conclusion, IHT alters pacing strategies in team sport athletes (i.e., increased distance covered during low-intensity activity). However, IHT leads to smaller improvements in externally paced high-intensity intermittent running performance (i.e., Yo-Yo IR2), which may be related to a reduced absolute training intensity during IHT sessions.
关于高强度间歇低氧训练（IHT）对间歇跑成绩影响的数据较为匮乏。本研究评估了IHT对17名澳大利亚业余足球运动员的影响，这些运动员在4周内除了进行常氧足球训练（每周2次）和阻力训练（每周2次）外，还完成了8次间歇跑步机跑步训练（IHT [FIO2 = 15.1%]或安慰剂组）。为了匹配相对训练强度，与安慰剂组相比，IHT的绝对强度降低了常氧vV[Combining Dot Above]O2峰值的6%。在干预前后，通过Yo-Yo间歇恢复测试2级（Yo-Yo IR2）和自定节奏的团队运动跑步方案评估成绩。使用科恩d值计算标准化效应量统计数据，以比较不同干预措施。与安慰剂组相比，IHT组受试者在以下方面表现为：（a）Yo-Yo IR2成绩的改善较小（科恩d值 = -0.42 [-0.82至-0.02；90%置信区间]）；（b）在团队运动方案中高强度跑步距离的增加相似（d = 0.17 [-0.50至0.84]）；以及（c）在团队运动方案中总距离（d = 0.72 [0.33 - 1.10]）和低强度活动期间覆盖距离（d = 0.59 [-0.07至1.11]）的改善更大。IHT较低的绝对训练强度可能解释了低氧组Yo-Yo IR2成绩改善较小的原因。相反，自定节奏方案的数据表明，IHT可能对团队运动运动员的节奏策略产生积极影响。总之，IHT改变了团队运动运动员的节奏策略（即低强度活动期间覆盖的距离增加）。然而，IHT导致外部设定节奏的高强度间歇跑成绩（即Yo-Yo IR2）的改善较小，这可能与IHT训练期间绝对训练强度降低有关。
