Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Catalonia, Spain; Metabolism & Cancer Group, Translational Research Laboratory, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
Cancer Treat Rev. 2015 Jun;41(6):540-6. doi: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2015.04.008. Epub 2015 Apr 27.
Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is constitutively activated in many different types of cancer and plays a pivotal role in tumor growth and metastasis. Retrospective studies have established that STAT3 expression or phospho-STAT3 (pSTAT3 or activated STAT3) are poor prognostic markers for breast, colon, prostate and non-small cell lung cancer. Silibinin or silybin is a natural polyphenolic flavonoid which is present in seed extracts of milk thistle (Silybum marianum). Silibinin has been shown to inhibit multiple cancer cell signaling pathways in preclinical models, demonstrating promising anticancer effects in vitro and in vivo. This review summarizes evidence suggesting that silibinin can inhibit pSTAT3 in preclinical cancer models. We also discuss current strategies to overcome the limitations of oral administration of silibinin to cancer patients to translate the bench results to the bed side. Finally, we review the ongoing clinical trials exploring the role of silibinin in cancer.
信号转导子和转录激活子 3（STAT3）在许多不同类型的癌症中持续激活，在肿瘤生长和转移中发挥关键作用。回顾性研究已经确定，STAT3 表达或磷酸化 STAT3（pSTAT3 或激活的 STAT3）是乳腺癌、结肠癌、前列腺癌和非小细胞肺癌的预后不良标志物。水飞蓟素或水飞蓟宾是一种天然多酚类黄酮，存在于奶蓟（Silybum marianum）种子提取物中。水飞蓟素已被证明可抑制临床前模型中的多种癌细胞信号通路，在体外和体内表现出有希望的抗癌作用。本综述总结了水飞蓟素可抑制临床前癌症模型中 pSTAT3 的证据。我们还讨论了克服水飞蓟素口服给予癌症患者的局限性的当前策略，以将实验结果转化为临床实践。最后，我们回顾了正在探索水飞蓟素在癌症中的作用的临床试验。
