Pescosolido Nicola, Barbato Andrea, Di Blasio Dario
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2015 Feb;86(2):118-24. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.3938.2015.
Effects of hypobarism and hypoxia on visual performance and mainly on contrast sensitivity (CS) are well known. The purpose of this study was to compare the adjustments of corneal thickness in hypobaric hypoxia conditions with changes in contrast sensitivity.
There were 12 healthy, emmetropic subjects assigned to the 14(th) Wing Aircrew based in Pratica di Mare AFB (Rome, Italy) who were evaluated for changes occurring in central corneal thickness (CCT), measured by portable ultrasonic pachymeter, and CS, assessed after reading the standard Pelli-Robson charts, during modification of atmospheric pressure and, therefore, of oxygen partial pressure.
Hypobaric hypoxia conditions in pilots raised CCT (550 μm to 600 μm) and reduced CS (1.95 log to 1.05 log) in a statistically significant result.
The study demonstrated that hypoxia and variations of atmospheric pressure may produce corneal edema, including changes of CCT and, correlatively, CS reduction.
低气压和低氧对视功能的影响，主要是对对比敏感度（CS）的影响，已为人熟知。本研究的目的是比较低气压低氧条件下角膜厚度的变化与对比敏感度的变化。
选取了12名健康的正视眼受试者，他们隶属于位于意大利罗马马尔埃空军基地的第14联队空勤人员，在气压改变从而氧分压改变的过程中，使用便携式超声角膜测厚仪测量中央角膜厚度（CCT），并在阅读标准佩利-罗布森图表后评估对比敏感度，以此来评估他们身上发生的变化。
飞行员所处的低气压低氧条件使CCT升高（从550μm升至600μm），并使CS降低（从1.95对数降至1.05对数），结果具有统计学意义。
该研究表明，低氧和气压变化可能会导致角膜水肿，包括CCT的改变以及相应的CS降低。
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