Kang Nam Mi, Lee Jung Eun, Bai Yeon, Van Achterberg Theo, Hyun Taisun
Department of Nursing, Konkuk University, Chungju, Korea.
Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea.
J Korean Acad Nurs. 2015 Apr;45(2):306-13. doi: 10.4040/jkan.2015.45.2.306.
The objective of this study was to examine the factors associated with initiation and continuation of breastfeeding among Korean women in relation to their employment status.
Data were collected using a web-based self-administered questionnaire from 1,031 Korean mothers living in Seoul with babies younger than 24 months. Demographic characteristics, education on breastfeeding, rooming in, breastfeeding during hospital stay, and breastfeeding knowledge were examined. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with initiation and continuation at 1, 6 and 12 months according to mothers' employment status.
Breastfeeding initiation rates were similar regardless of mothers' employment status. Continuation rates decreased for both groups of mothers, but were significantly lower among employed mothers at all duration points. Unemployed mothers who were able to keep their babies in the same room during the hospital stay were more likely to initiate breastfeeding. The factor that was consistently associated with breastfeeding continuation for all duration points among unemployed mothers was whether the mother breastfed during the hospital stay. Higher knowledge scores and having an infant with atopic dermatitis were also associated with breastfeeding continuation at 6 months and 12 months, respectively for unemployed mothers, and receiving education on breastfeeding was associated with 12-month continuation for employed mothers.
These results emphasize the significant roles of hospitals for breastfeeding initiation and continuation, with rooming-in, initial breastfeeding practice and education during hospital stay as important practices. In addition, for working mothers to continue their breastfeeding, significant support from the workplace is crucial.
本研究的目的是探讨韩国女性母乳喂养的起始和持续情况与就业状况相关的影响因素。
采用基于网络的自填式问卷，对1031名居住在首尔、孩子年龄小于24个月的韩国母亲进行数据收集。调查了人口统计学特征、母乳喂养教育、母婴同室、住院期间母乳喂养情况以及母乳喂养知识。根据母亲的就业状况，进行多因素逻辑回归分析，以确定与产后1个月、6个月和12个月母乳喂养起始和持续相关的因素。
无论母亲的就业状况如何，母乳喂养起始率相似。两组母亲的母乳喂养持续率均下降，但在所有时间点，就业母亲的持续率显著更低。住院期间能够母婴同室的失业母亲更有可能开始母乳喂养。失业母亲在所有时间点与母乳喂养持续始终相关的因素是母亲在住院期间是否进行母乳喂养。较高的知识得分以及孩子患有特应性皮炎分别与失业母亲产后6个月和12个月的母乳喂养持续相关，而接受母乳喂养教育与就业母亲产后12个月的母乳喂养持续相关。
这些结果强调了医院在母乳喂养起始和持续方面的重要作用，母婴同室、住院期间的首次母乳喂养实践和教育是重要的措施。此外，对于职业母亲继续母乳喂养而言，工作场所的大力支持至关重要。
