Goodman Steven M, Ramasindrazana Beza, Naughton Kate M, Appleton Belinda
Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60605, USA. Association Vahatra, BP 3972, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar.; Email:
Association Vahatra, BP 3972, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar. Département de Biologie Animale, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo (101), Madagascar 4Centre de Recherche et de Veille sur les maladies émergentes dans l'Océan Indien, 2 rue Maxime Rivière, 97490 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, 97492 Sainte Clotilde, La Réunion, France; Email:
Zootaxa. 2015 Mar 23;3936(4):538-58. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.3936.4.4.
Recent molecular genetic work, combined with morphological comparisons, on Malagasy members of the bat genus Miniopterus (Family Miniopteridae), has uncovered a number of cryptic species. Based on recently collected specimens and associated tissues, we examine patterns of variation in M. aelleni, the holotype of which comes from Ankarana in northern Madagascar. Using molecular genetic (mitochondrial cytochrome b) and morphological characters we describe a new species, M. ambohitrensis sp. nov. In northern Madagascar, M. ambohitrensis and M. aelleni are allopatric, but occur in relatively close geographical contact (approximately 40 km direct line distance) with M. ambohitrensis found at Montagne d'Ambre in montane humid forest and M. aelleni sensu stricto at Ankarana in dry deciduous forest. Morphologically, this new taxon is differentiated from M. aelleni based on pelage coloration, external measurements, craniodental differences, and tragus shape. Comparisons using 725 bp of cytochrome b found a divergence of 1.1% within M. aelleni sensu stricto, 0.8% within M. ambohitrensis, and 3.3% between these two clades. The two sister species do not demonstrate acoustical differences based on recordings made in a flight cage. Miniopterus ambohitrensis is known from four localities in the northern and central portions of Madagascar, all from montane regions and across an elevational range from about 800 to 1600 m; its calculated "Extent of occurrence" is 15,143 km2. It is possible that this species is at least partially migratory.
最近，结合形态学比较，对蝙蝠小长翼蝠属（长翼蝠科）马达加斯加成员开展的分子遗传学研究发现了一些隐存物种。基于最近采集的标本及相关组织，我们研究了埃氏小长翼蝠的变异模式，其模式标本来自马达加斯加北部的安卡拉纳。利用分子遗传学（线粒体细胞色素b）和形态学特征，我们描述了一个新物种——安氏小长翼蝠。在马达加斯加北部，安氏小长翼蝠和埃氏小长翼蝠分布区不重叠，但在地理上较为接近（直线距离约40公里），安氏小长翼蝠见于山地潮湿森林中的琥珀山，而狭义的埃氏小长翼蝠见于干燥落叶林中的安卡拉纳。在形态上，这个新分类单元与埃氏小长翼蝠的区别在于毛色、外部测量数据、颅骨牙齿差异和耳屏形状。通过对细胞色素b的725个碱基对进行比较发现，狭义埃氏小长翼蝠内的差异为1.1%，安氏小长翼蝠内的差异为0.8%，这两个分支之间的差异为3.3%。根据在飞行笼中录制的声音，这两个姊妹物种没有声学差异。已知安氏小长翼蝠分布于马达加斯加北部和中部的四个地点，均位于山区，海拔范围约为800至1600米；其计算得出的“分布范围”为15,143平方公里。该物种有可能至少部分具有迁徙性。
