塞尔维亚人造黄油中的反式脂肪酸含量：迫切需要进行立法变革并向消费者提供信息。

Trans fatty acid content in Serbian margarines: Urgent need for legislative changes and consumer information.

作者信息

Vučić Vesna, Arsić Aleksandra, Petrović Snježana, Milanović Sandra, Gurinović Mirjana, Glibetić Maria

机构信息

Centre of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Tadeuša Košćuška 1, 11129 Belgrade, Serbia.

出版信息

Food Chem. 2015 Oct 15;185:437-40. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.018. Epub 2015 Apr 13.

DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.04.018

PMID:25952890

Abstract

This study examined the fatty acid (FA) composition of 13 (7 soft and 6 hard) Serbian margarines. Significantly higher amounts of trans fatty acids (TFA) were found in hard margarines (up to 28.84% of total FA), than in soft ones (0.17-6.89%). Saturated FA (SFA) were present with 22.76-51.17%. Oleic acid ranged from 26.78% to 43.78%. The proportion of polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) was 22.15-49.29% in soft margarines, but only 8.02-15.28% in hard margarines, probably due to the hydrogenisation process. The atherogenic and thrombogenic indexes (AI and TI, respectively) in soft margarines were relatively low (AI 0.23-0.63 and TI 0.44-0.97), but in hard margarines AI and particularly TI were high (1.03-1.67 and 1.96-3.04, respectively). These findings suggest that FA composition of Serbian margarines should be improved by replacing atherogenic TFA and SFA with beneficial ones, in order to avoid adverse effects on health. Therefore legislative changes and consumer information are urgently needed.

摘要

本研究检测了13种（7种软质和6种硬质）塞尔维亚人造黄油的脂肪酸（FA）组成。结果发现，硬质人造黄油中的反式脂肪酸（TFA）含量（高达总FA的28.84%）显著高于软质人造黄油（0.17 - 6.89%）。饱和脂肪酸（SFA）含量为22.76 - 51.17%。油酸含量在26.78%至43.78%之间。软质人造黄油中多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）的比例为22.15 - 49.29%，而硬质人造黄油中仅为8.02 - 15.28%，这可能是氢化过程导致的。软质人造黄油的致动脉粥样硬化指数和血栓形成指数（分别为AI和TI）相对较低（AI为0.23 - 0.63，TI为0.44 - 0.97），但硬质人造黄油的AI，尤其是TI较高（分别为1.03 - 1.67和1.96 - 3.04）。这些发现表明，塞尔维亚人造黄油的FA组成应通过用有益脂肪酸替代致动脉粥样硬化的TFA和SFA来改善，以避免对健康产生不利影响。因此，迫切需要进行立法变革并向消费者提供信息。