Hoban Daryl J, Reinert Ralf Rene, Bouchillon Samuel K, Dowzicky Michael J
Department of Medical Microbiology & Infectious Disease, University of Manitoba, MS675B-820 Sherbrook Street, R3A 1R9, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
IHMA, 2122 Palmer Drive, IL 60173-3817, Schaumburg, USA.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2015 May 10;14:27. doi: 10.1186/s12941-015-0085-1.
The Tigecycline Evaluation and Surveillance Trial (TEST) is a global antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance study which has been ongoing since 2004. This report examines the in vitro activity of tigecycline and comparators against clinically important pathogens collected globally between 2004 and 2013.
Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using guidelines published by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The Cochran Armitage Trend Test was used to identify statistically significant changes in susceptibility between 2004 and 2013.
Among the Enterobacteriaceae susceptibility was highest to the carbapenems [imipenem 97.1% (24,655/25,381), meropenem 97.0% (90,714/93,518)], tigecycline (97.0%, 115,361/118,899) and amikacin (96.9%, 115,200/118,899). Against Acinetobacter baumannii the highest rates of susceptibility were for minocycline (84.5%, 14,178/16,778) and imipenem (80.0%, 3,037/3,795). The MIC90 for tigecycline was 2 mg/L. 40% (6,743/16,778) of A. baumannii isolates were multidrug-resistant. Enterococci were highly susceptible to tigecycline and linezolid (>99%); vancomycin resistance was observed among 2% of Enterococcus faecalis (325/14,615) and 35% of Enterococcus faecium (2,136/6,167) globally. 40% (14,647/36,448) of Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin-resistant while 15% (2,152/14,562) of Streptococcus pneumoniae were penicillin-resistant. Against S. aureus and S. pneumoniae susceptibility to linezolid, vancomycin, and tigecycline was ≥99.9%. Globally, 81% (331/410) of statistically significant susceptibility changes during the study period were decreases in susceptibility.
Amikacin, the carbapenems, and tigecycline were active against most gram-negative pathogens while linezolid, tigecycline, and vancomycin retained activity against most gram-positive pathogens collected in TEST during 2004-2013.
替加环素评估与监测试验（TEST）是一项自2004年起持续进行的全球抗菌药物敏感性监测研究。本报告考察了2004年至2013年期间替加环素及对照药物对全球收集的临床重要病原菌的体外活性。
采用临床和实验室标准协会发布的指南确定抗菌药物敏感性。使用 Cochr an Armitage趋势检验来确定2004年至2013年期间敏感性的统计学显著变化。
在肠杆菌科细菌中，对碳青霉烯类药物的敏感性最高[亚胺培南97.1%（24,655/25,381），美罗培南97.0%（90,714/93,518）]、替加环素（97.0%，115,361/118,899）和阿米卡星（96.9%，115,200/118,899）。对鲍曼不动杆菌，敏感性最高的是米诺环素（84.5%，14,178/16,778）和亚胺培南（80.0%，3,037/3,795）。替加环素的MIC90为2mg/L。40%（6,743/16,778）的鲍曼不动杆菌分离株对多种药物耐药。肠球菌对替加环素和利奈唑胺高度敏感（>99%）；全球范围内，2%的粪肠球菌（325/14,615）和35%的屎肠球菌（2,136/6,167）存在万古霉素耐药。40%（14,647/36,448）的金黄色葡萄球菌对甲氧西林耐药，而15%（2,152/14,562）的肺炎链球菌对青霉素耐药。对金黄色葡萄球菌和肺炎链球菌，对利奈唑胺、万古霉素和替加环素的敏感性≥99.9%。在全球范围内，研究期间81%（331/410）的统计学显著敏感性变化为敏感性降低。
阿米卡星、碳青霉烯类药物和替加环素对大多数革兰氏阴性病原菌有活性，而利奈唑胺、替加环素和万古霉素对2004 - 2013年TEST中收集的大多数革兰氏阳性病原菌保持活性。
