Division of Biopharmaceutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland.
Eur J Pharmacol. 2016 May 5;778:103-15. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.050. Epub 2015 May 8.
Mast cells comprise an innate immune cell population, which accumulates in tissues proximal to the outside environment and, upon activation, augments the progression of immunological reactions through the release and diffusion of either pre-formed or newly generated mediators. The released products of mast cells include histamine, proteases, as well as a variety of cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, which act on the surrounding microenvironment thereby shaping the immune responses triggered in various diseased states. Mast cells have also been detected in the arterial wall and are implicated in the onset and progression of numerous cardiovascular diseases. Notably, modulation of distinct mast cell actions using genetic and pharmacological approaches highlights the crucial role of this cell type in cardiovascular syndromes. The acquired evidence renders mast cells and their mediators as potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets in a broad spectrum of pathophysiological conditions related to cardiovascular diseases.
肥大细胞是先天免疫细胞群体的一部分，它们在靠近外部环境的组织中积累，一旦被激活，就会通过释放和扩散预先形成或新生成的介质来增强免疫反应的进展。肥大细胞释放的产物包括组胺、蛋白酶以及各种细胞因子、趋化因子和生长因子，它们作用于周围的微环境，从而塑造在各种疾病状态下触发的免疫反应。肥大细胞也在动脉壁中被检测到，并与许多心血管疾病的发生和发展有关。值得注意的是，使用遗传和药理学方法来调节不同的肥大细胞作用强调了这种细胞类型在心血管综合征中的关键作用。获得的证据表明，肥大细胞及其介质是与心血管疾病相关的广泛病理生理条件下的潜在预后标志物和治疗靶点。
