Ghalichi Leila, Nedjat Saharnaz, Majdzadeh Reza, Hoseini Mostafa, Pournik Omid, Mohammad Kazem
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Arch Iran Med. 2015 May;18(5):266-71.
It is generally believed that the attributes of shared environment affect health of residents beyond the individual risk factors. This study investigates some individual and neighborhood characteristics that may affect self-rated health (SRH) in Iran.
Questions were asked about the social capital, economic status and SRH of 1,982 citizens from 200 randomly selected locations in Tehran. The neighborhood characteristics were assessed by an observational checklist. A multilevel model was designed.
SRH was significantly different between neighborhoods (P-value < 0.001) and between economic groups (P-value < 0.001). At the individual level, social capital (SC) and being married had a positive association with SRH, while age, being female and bad economic statuses were negatively associated with SRH. At the neighborhood level, neighborhoods with higher average education were positively association with SRH, and living in neighborhoods under construction had a negative association with SRH.
These findings highlight the importance of shared social and physical environment, as well as individual characteristics on health, although the mechanisms may still be controversial.
人们普遍认为，共享环境的属性对居民健康的影响超出了个体风险因素。本研究调查了一些可能影响伊朗自我健康评价（SRH）的个体和社区特征。
对来自德黑兰200个随机选择地点的1982名公民的社会资本、经济状况和自我健康评价进行了询问。通过观察清单对社区特征进行评估。设计了一个多层次模型。
不同社区之间（P值<0.001）和不同经济群体之间（P值<0.001）的自我健康评价存在显著差异。在个体层面，社会资本（SC）和已婚与自我健康评价呈正相关，而年龄、女性身份和不良经济状况与自我健康评价呈负相关。在社区层面，平均教育程度较高的社区与自我健康评价呈正相关，而居住在正在建设的社区与自我健康评价呈负相关。
这些发现凸显了共享社会和物质环境以及个体特征对健康的重要性，尽管其机制可能仍存在争议。
