Paul Sally, Quinn Helen
Strathclyde University, UK.
BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2015 Apr;5 Suppl 1:A16. doi: 10.1136/bmjspcare-2015-000906.50.
Educating and supporting children around death, dying and bereavement, in schools, frequently relies on the individual interest and expertise of staff (Rowling 2003). Moves to develop such work of ten results in one off projects led by external agencies. Support and education is therefore ad hoc and unequitable. A research study was undertaken between a hospice and school to develop practice in this area from a health promotion perspective. This presentation discusses the design and implementation of two practice innovations arising from this process.
The innovations aimed to introduce and educate children on issues related to loss and change, whilst simultaneously ensure that school staff have the skills and confidence to support individual experiences within the school setting. This was from a harm education and early intervention standpoint.
Collaborative inquiry, within an action research methodology, was used to advance the innovations. This involved school and hospice staff working together to design and facilitate the activities.
A programme of activities for children aged 5 to 11 (the resilience project) was designed and integrated throughout the curriculum. This is currently being piloted. A bereavement training programme was designed and facilitated to all school staff. Evaluations reported an increase in confidence around supporting bereavement issues.
The process highlighted that combing the skills and expertise of hospice and school staff was essential in developing sustainable activities, appropriate to the setting. The role of the hospice in engaging with communities to collaboratively develop education and support around death, dying and bereavement was emphasised.
Rowling, L. Grief in school communities: effective support strategies. Buckingham and Philadelphia: Open University Press, 2003.
在学校围绕死亡、临终和丧亲之痛对儿童进行教育和提供支持,通常依赖于教职员工的个人兴趣和专业知识(罗琳,2003年)。开展此类工作的举措往往导致由外部机构牵头的一次性项目。因此,支持和教育是临时的且不公平的。一家临终关怀机构和一所学校开展了一项研究,从健康促进的角度在这一领域开展实践。本报告讨论了这一过程中产生的两项实践创新的设计与实施。
这些创新旨在向儿童介绍与丧失和变化相关的问题并对其进行教育,同时确保学校工作人员具备在学校环境中支持个人经历的技能和信心。这是从伤害教育和早期干预的角度出发的。
采用行动研究方法中的合作探究来推进这些创新。这涉及学校和临终关怀机构的工作人员共同设计和推动各项活动。
为5至11岁的儿童设计了一个活动方案(复原力项目),并将其融入整个课程体系。目前该方案正在进行试点。为所有学校工作人员设计并开展了一项丧亲培训方案。评估报告显示,在支持丧亲问题方面的信心有所增强。
该过程突出表明,将临终关怀机构和学校工作人员的技能与专业知识相结合,对于开展适合该环境的可持续活动至关重要。强调了临终关怀机构在与社区合作开展围绕死亡、临终和丧亲之痛的教育与支持方面的作用。
罗琳,L.《学校社区中的悲伤:有效的支持策略》。白金汉郡和费城:开放大学出版社,2003年。