Ohemeng Agartha, Marquis Grace S, Lartey Anna
From the *School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, Quebec, Canada; and †Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2015 Aug;34(8):821-5. doi: 10.1097/INF.0000000000000743.
To determine the relationship between household food insecurity (HHFI) and symptoms of respiratory infections among infants in rural Ghana.
The study was cross-sectional. The outcome variables were symptoms of respiratory infections (cough and nasal discharge) in infants. HHFI was measured using a 15-item modified U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) household food security module. Households were classified as food insecure if they had an affirmative answer for at least 1 item. Associations were examined using multiple logistic regression analysis. Data were collected in 32 communities located in 3 rural subdistricts in the Upper Manya Krobo district of the Eastern region of Ghana. The sample included 367 infants aged 6-11 months who attended a community-based growth monitoring session.
Overall, 20.5% of households reported experiencing food insecurity in the last month. Compared with infants in food secure households, infants living in food insecure households were about twice as likely to experience cough (adjusted odds ratio: 2.25, 95% confidence intervals: 1.25, 4.04) and nasal discharge (adjusted odds ratio: 1.87, 95% confidence intervals: 1.05, 3.36).
Infants living in food insecure households are at an increased risk of respiratory tract morbidity. Interventions that address HHFI might be important to improve infant health in rural Ghana.
确定加纳农村地区家庭粮食不安全状况(HHFI)与婴儿呼吸道感染症状之间的关系。
本研究为横断面研究。结局变量为婴儿的呼吸道感染症状(咳嗽和流鼻涕)。使用15项修改后的美国农业部(USDA)家庭粮食安全模块来衡量HHFI。如果家庭对至少1项问题回答为肯定,则被归类为粮食不安全家庭。使用多元逻辑回归分析来检验相关性。数据收集于加纳东部地区上马尼亚克罗博区3个农村分区的32个社区。样本包括367名6至11个月大的婴儿,他们参加了一次基于社区的生长监测活动。
总体而言,20.5%的家庭报告在过去一个月中经历了粮食不安全状况。与粮食安全家庭中的婴儿相比,生活在粮食不安全家庭中的婴儿出现咳嗽的可能性约为两倍(调整后的优势比:2.25,95%置信区间:1.25,4.04),出现流鼻涕的可能性约为两倍(调整后的优势比:1.87,95%置信区间:1.05,3.36)。
生活在粮食不安全家庭中的婴儿呼吸道发病风险增加。解决HHFI问题的干预措施可能对改善加纳农村地区婴儿健康状况很重要。