Berney Cédric, Geisen Stefan, Van Wichelen Jeroen, Nitsche Frank, Vanormelingen Pieter, Bonkowski Michael, Bass David
Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom.
Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Zoological Institute, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Str. 47b, 50674 Cologne, Germany.
Protist. 2015 May;166(2):271-95. doi: 10.1016/j.protis.2015.04.001. Epub 2015 Apr 20.
Amoebae able to form cytoplasmic networks or displaying a multiply branching morphology remain very poorly studied. We sequenced the small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene of 15 new amoeboid isolates, 14 of which are branching or network-forming amoebae (BNFA). Phylogenetic analyses showed that these isolates all group within the poorly-known and weakly-defined class Variosea (Amoebozoa). They are resolved into six lineages corresponding to distinct new morphotypes; we describe them as new genera Angulamoeba (type species Angulamoeba microcystivorans n. gen., n. sp.; and A. fungorum n. sp.), Arboramoeba (type species Arboramoeba reticulata n. gen., n. sp.), Darbyshirella (type species Darbyshirella terrestris n. gen., n. sp.), Dictyamoeba (type species Dictyamoeba vorax n. gen., n. sp.), Heliamoeba (type species Heliamoeba mirabilis n. gen., n. sp.), and Ischnamoeba (type species Ischnamoeba montana n. gen., n. sp.). We also isolated and sequenced four additional variosean strains, one belonging to Flamella, one related to Telaepolella tubasferens, and two members of the cavosteliid protosteloid lineage. We identified a further 104 putative variosean environmental clone sequences in GenBank, comprising up to 14 lineages that may prove to represent additional novel morphotypes. We show that BNFA are phylogenetically widespread in Variosea and morphologically very variable, both within and between lineages.
能够形成细胞质网络或呈现多分支形态的变形虫，其研究程度仍然很低。我们对15种新的变形虫分离株的小亚基核糖体RNA基因进行了测序，其中14种是分支或形成网络的变形虫（BNFA）。系统发育分析表明，这些分离株都归类于鲜为人知且定义模糊的Variosea纲（变形虫门）。它们被分为六个谱系，对应于不同的新形态类型；我们将它们描述为新属，即角变形虫属（模式种微囊食角变形虫，新属，新种；以及真菌角变形虫，新种）、树变形虫属（模式种树状网树变形虫，新属，新种）、达比变形虫属（模式种地栖达比变形虫，新属，新种）、网变形虫属（模式种 vorax 网变形虫，新属，新种）、太阳变形虫属（模式种奇异太阳变形虫，新属，新种）和细变形虫属（模式种山地细变形虫，新属，新种）。我们还分离并测序了另外四种Variosea菌株，一种属于Flamella，一种与管形Telaepolella相关，以及腔柄类原生柄菌谱系的两个成员。我们在GenBank中又鉴定出104个假定的Variosea环境克隆序列，包括多达14个谱系，可能代表更多新的形态类型。我们表明，BNFA在Variosea中系统发育广泛，并且在谱系内和谱系间形态变化很大。
