Ma Zhiyong, Wang Zhijian, Teng Mingjun, Xu Zejun, Jia Xinru
Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chemistry College, Peking University, Beijing, 100871 (China).
Chemphyschem. 2015 Jun 22;16(9):1811-28. doi: 10.1002/cphc.201500181. Epub 2015 May 12.
Mechanofluorochromic or piezochromic fluorescence chemistry involves the switching and tuning of the luminescent properties of solid-state materials induced by exogenous forces, such as grinding, shearing, compression, tension, and so forth. Up until now, most reported mechanochromic systems, including liquid crystals, organic molecules, organometallic compounds, polymers, and dye-doped polymers, have displayed reversible two-color changes, which arise from either supramolecular or chemical structure transformations. However, fluorescent materials that undergo mechanically induced multicolor changes remain rare; this Minireview is focused on such materials. Topics are categorized according to the different applied forces that are required to induce the multicolor change, including mechanical control of either the supramolecular structures or the chemical structures, and mechanical control of both the supramolecular structures and chemical structures.
机械致荧光变色或压致变色荧光化学涉及由外力（如研磨、剪切、压缩、拉伸等）引起的固态材料发光特性的切换和调节。到目前为止，大多数报道的机械变色体系，包括液晶、有机分子、有机金属化合物、聚合物和染料掺杂聚合物，都表现出可逆的双色变化，这是由超分子或化学结构转变引起的。然而，经历机械诱导多色变化的荧光材料仍然很少见；本综述聚焦于这类材料。主题根据诱导多色变化所需的不同作用力进行分类，包括超分子结构或化学结构的机械控制，以及超分子结构和化学结构两者的机械控制。
