Slynko E E, Novitsky R A, Bangs M R, Douglas M R, Douglas M E, Khrystenko D S, Kasyanov A N, Slynko Yu V
Genetika. 2015 Feb;51(2):217-26.
This paper studies the origin and the genetic and morphological diversity of the pumpkinseed sunfish, a North American invader that is actively expanding its range in the Northern Black Sea Coast. Based on an analysis of variability of the nucleotide sequence of the mtDNA cyt b locus, it was found that all populations of the Northern Black Sea Coast (basins of Dnieper, Dniester, and Danube rivers) are represented by one haplotype. Intraspecific variability is absent. Phylogeographic analysis revealed that the most related haplotype is in a population of pumpkinseed sunfish from New Germany Lake in the Potomac Riverbasin (Maryland, United States), which makes it possible to consider it a parent of the investigated populations. Morphological variation oin countable traits was highly homogeneous. Significant differentiation of a sample from the population of the Dnieper Reservoir from the populations of the Danube and Dniester was found for plastic traits of both the body and cranium. Analysis of the trajectories of development showed that the Dnieper is inhabited by a "pelagic" morpho-ecological form of pumpkinseed sunfish, while the Dniester and Danube is inhabited by a "littoral" form. It is suggested that the success of the settlement of this North American species in the Northern Black Sea Coast does not depend on the origin or the level of its genetic diversity but is instead likely to be ensured by the realization of its available discrete morpho-ecological variability.
本文研究了蓝鳃太阳鱼的起源、遗传和形态多样性，这种北美入侵物种正在黑海北岸积极扩大其分布范围。基于对线粒体DNA细胞色素b基因座核苷酸序列变异性的分析，发现黑海北岸的所有种群（第聂伯河、德涅斯特河和多瑙河流域）均由单倍型代表。种内不存在变异性。系统地理学分析表明，最相关的单倍型存在于美国马里兰州波托马克河流域新德国湖的蓝鳃太阳鱼种群中，这使得有可能将其视为被调查种群的亲本。可数性状的形态变异高度一致。从第聂伯河水库种群的样本与多瑙河和德涅斯特河种群的样本在身体和颅骨的可塑性性状方面存在显著差异。发育轨迹分析表明，第聂伯河栖息着蓝鳃太阳鱼的“浮游”形态生态型，而德涅斯特河和多瑙河栖息着“沿岸”形态型。有人认为，这种北美物种在黑海北岸成功定居并不取决于其起源或遗传多样性水平，而是可能由其现有的离散形态生态变异性的实现来确保。
