Bookstaver Michelle, Bose Arijit, Tripathi Anubhav
†Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States.
‡Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island 02881, United States.
Langmuir. 2015 Jun 2;31(21):5875-81. doi: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00688. Epub 2015 May 21.
Alcanivorax borkumensis is a hydrocarbon degrading bacterium linked to oil degradation around oil spill sites. It is known to be a surface bacterium leading to substantial interaction with the oil-water interface. Because of its abundance in oil spill regions, it has great potential to be used actively in oil spill remediation. Dispersants are thought to be important in the creation of oil-in-water emulsions that are meant to aid in the biodegradation process by bacteria. Although it is likely that some sort of dispersant will be used again in the case of another oil spill, to date, no studies have shown the impact of dispersants on the bacteria population. Corexit 9500 was the main dispersant used during the Deepwater Horizon oil spill, but little is known about its effect on the bacteria community. We built an experimental platform to quantitatively measure the transient growth of Alcanivorax borkumensis at the interface of oil and water. To our knowledge, this is the first study of how A. borkumensis interacts with a surfactant decorated oil-water interface. We use COREXIT EC9500A, cetylytrimethylamonium bromide, dioctyl sulfosuccinate sodium salt, l-α-phosphatidylcholine, sodium dodecyl sulfate, and Tween 20 to investigate the impact of dispersants on Alcanivorax borkumensis. We assess the impact of these dispersants on the growth rate, lag time, and maximum concentration of Alcanivorax borkumensis. We show that the charge, structure, and surface activity of these surfactants greatly impact the growth of A. borkumensis. Our results indicated that out of the surfactants tested only Tween 20 assists Acanivorax borkumensis growth. The results of this study will be important in the decision of dispersant use in the future.
奥尔卡尼沃克斯菌是一种与石油泄漏点周围石油降解相关的烃降解细菌。已知它是一种表面细菌，会与油水界面发生大量相互作用。由于它在石油泄漏区域数量众多，因此在石油泄漏修复中具有积极应用的巨大潜力。分散剂被认为在形成水包油乳液方面很重要，而这种乳液旨在辅助细菌的生物降解过程。尽管在再次发生石油泄漏的情况下可能会再次使用某种分散剂，但迄今为止，尚无研究表明分散剂对细菌种群的影响。“科里xit9500”是“深水地平线”石油泄漏事件中使用的主要分散剂，但人们对其对细菌群落的影响知之甚少。我们搭建了一个实验平台，以定量测量奥尔卡尼沃克斯菌在油水界面的瞬时生长情况。据我们所知，这是关于奥尔卡尼沃克斯菌如何与表面活性剂修饰的油水界面相互作用的首次研究。我们使用“科里xitEC9500A”、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵、二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠、l-α-磷脂酰胆碱、十二烷基硫酸钠和吐温20来研究分散剂对奥尔卡尼沃克斯菌的影响。我们评估了这些分散剂对奥尔卡尼沃克斯菌的生长速率、延迟期和最大浓度的影响。我们表明，这些表面活性剂的电荷、结构和表面活性极大地影响了奥尔卡尼沃克斯菌的生长。我们的结果表明，在所测试的表面活性剂中，只有吐温20有助于奥尔卡尼沃克斯菌的生长。这项研究的结果对于未来分散剂使用的决策将具有重要意义。
