el-Nofely A, Sadek L, Soliman N
National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
Arch Oral Biol. 1989;34(6):437-41. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(89)90122-2.
Dental casts of 243 preschool children, 129 males and 114 females, aged 2.5-5.5 years, were analysed for the presence of interdental spaces, mesiodistal crown diameters, intercanine width, intermolar width and arch length (circumference). The prevalence of primate spaces (diastemata mesial to the upper canines and distal to the lowers) varied from 65 to 90% by arch and sex; it was lowest in the lower arch especially in females, and highest in the upper. These prevalences did not increase with age; however, other spaces which usually occur between incisors may develop towards the end of the deciduous dentition, commonly in arches with primate spaces. Generally, spacing of the deciduous anterior teeth was significantly related to mesiodistal crown diameter and intercanine arch width. The crowns were significantly broader and the arches significantly narrower in cases with no spaces than in those where spaces existed. As the genetic programming for tooth size also normally affects arch size, greater discrepancies between mesiodistal crown diameters of the deciduous anterior teeth and their permanent successors are probably associated with more deciduous arch spacing.
对243名年龄在2.5至5.5岁之间的学龄前儿童（129名男性和114名女性）的牙模进行了分析，以检查牙间隙的存在情况、牙冠近远中径、尖牙间宽度、磨牙间宽度和牙弓长度（周长）。灵长间隙（上颌尖牙近中及下颌尖牙远中的间隙）的发生率因牙弓和性别而异，在65%至90%之间；在下颌牙弓中最低，尤其是女性，在上颌牙弓中最高。这些发生率并不随年龄增加；然而，通常出现在切牙之间的其他间隙可能在乳牙列末期出现，常见于有灵长间隙的牙弓。一般来说，乳牙前牙间隙与牙冠近远中径和尖牙间牙弓宽度显著相关。与有间隙的情况相比，无间隙情况下的牙冠明显更宽，牙弓明显更窄。由于牙齿大小的遗传编程通常也会影响牙弓大小，乳牙前牙的近远中径与其恒牙后继者之间的差异越大，乳牙弓间隙可能就越多。
